Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Restricted Phenotypes Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Polygenic Risk Sensitivity in the ABCD Baseline Cohort

Cordova, Michaela; Antovich, Dylan; Ryabinin, Peter; Neighbor, Christopher; Mooney, Michael A.; Dieckmann, Nathan F.; Miranda-Domínguez, Óscar; Nagel, Bonnie J.; Fair, Damien A.; Nigg, Joel T.

doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2022.03.030

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Even within multilevel data sets, clinical phenotyping may be limited, and the number of actual clinical cases in epidemiological samples is often low because they are mirroring population rates, with the purpose to track population effects rather than to isolate a clinical population. For example, the ABCD study ( Casey et al, 2018 , Garavan et al, 2018 , Jernigan et al, 2018 , Volkow et al, 2018 ) of nearly 12,000 children is estimated to have < 500 cases of ADHD ( Cordova et al, 2022 ). Case-control data sets recruited from the community are enriched for clinical cases compared to the population rates, providing valuable and necessary complementary information for the national research effort on psychopathology and development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oregon ADHD-1000: A new longitudinal data resource enriched for clinical cases and multiple levels of analysis

Nigg

Karalunas²,

Mooney

et al. 2023

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Oregon ADHD-1000: A new longitudinal data resource enriched for clinical cases and multiple levels of analysis

Nigg

Karalunas²,

Mooney

et al. 2023

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…Participants with bipolar disorder were excluded from this analysis due to concerns about a falsely elevated prevalence in the ABCD dataset at baseline. (28) More detailed information about the data cleaning process can be found in eFigure 1 in the Supplement.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY & STRUCTURAL BRAIN FEATURES IN THE ADOLESCENT BRAIN AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT STUDY COHORT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL US POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Luna,

Wu,

Zhu

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Children who develop a psychiatric disorder often also develop additional comorbid psychiatric conditions, ultimately impacting prognosis, outcomes, and treatment planning. In this cross-sectional study using the ABCD dataset, the authors set out to identify distinct comorbidity profiles using comorbidity network analysis and any associated clinical correlates of behavior and structural neuroimaging markers. Methods: Structural magnetic resonance imaging and psychometric testing were obtained from 7077 eligible children between the ages of 9-10 in the ABCD dataset. Children were separated into the typically developing group and the psychiatric group based on the presence of a DSM-V diagnosis. Results: Three comorbidity profiles across gender emerged using comorbidity network analysis. Girls with the ADHD - ODD (AO) comorbidity profile and sparse comorbidity profile had thicker left superior frontal gyri compared to typically developing children. Boys and girls with the ADHD - ODD comorbidity profile had significantly higher externalizing scores compared to typically developing children. The ADHD-OCD-Specific Phobia (AOS) profile among boys had significantly higher internalizing scores, while the AO profile had significantly higher internalizing scores for girls. The AOS profile for boys and the AO profile for girls had significantly higher total problem scores compared to typically developing children. Conclusion: Comorbidity network analysis successfully identified comorbidity profiles associated with unique neurobiological markers and behavioral correlates and is a feasible technique for the investigation of comorbid psychiatric conditions.

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“…However, a closer look reveals ADHD to in fact be vastly underappreciated in the matrix of mental health-related burden and cost [3]. ADHD is one of the most prevalent neurodevelopmental disorders worldwide, affecting 3-5% of the general pediatric population when defined stringently, with only minimal regional variations in prevalence [4,5]. It has solid psychometric validity with regard to its statistical structure as well as the reliability and validity of diagnostic assignment [6].…”

Section: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity Disorder: Core Features and ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential

Cecil

Nigg

2022

Mol Diagn Ther

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common and debilitating neurodevelopmental disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, typically identified in the school-age years but hypothesized to have developmental origins beginning in utero. To improve current strategies for prediction, prevention and treatment, a central challenge is to delineate how, at a molecular level, genetic and environmental influences jointly shape ADHD risk, phenotypic presentation, and developmental course. Epigenetic processes that regulate gene expression, such as DNA methylation, have emerged as a promising molecular system in the search for both biomarkers and mechanisms to address this challenge. In this Current Opinion, we discuss the relevance of epigenetics (specifically DNA methylation) for ADHD research and clinical practice, starting with the current state of knowledge, what challenges we have yet to overcome, and what the future may hold in terms of methylation-based applications for personalized medicine in ADHD. We conclude that the field of epigenetics and ADHD is promising but is still in its infancy, and the potential for transformative translational applications remains a distant goal. Nevertheless, rapid methodological advances, together with the rise of collaborative science and increased availability of high-quality, longitudinal data make this a thriving research area that in future may contribute to the development of new tools for improved prediction, management, and treatment of ADHD.

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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Restricted Phenotypes Prevalence, Comorbidity, and Polygenic Risk Sensitivity in the ABCD Baseline Cohort

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

The Oregon ADHD-1000: A new longitudinal data resource enriched for clinical cases and multiple levels of analysis

The Oregon ADHD-1000: A new longitudinal data resource enriched for clinical cases and multiple levels of analysis

PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY & STRUCTURAL BRAIN FEATURES IN THE ADOLESCENT BRAIN AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT STUDY COHORT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL US POPULATION-BASED STUDY

Epigenetics and ADHD: Reflections on Current Knowledge, Research Priorities and Translational Potential

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