Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Global Severity Profiles in Treatment-Seeking Patients with Substance Use Disorders

Icick, Romain; Moggi, Franz; Slobodin, Ortal; Dom, Geert; Mathys, Frieda; Brink, Wim van den; Levin, Frances R.; Blankers, Matthijs; Kaye, Sharlene; Demetrovics, Zsolt; Glind, Geurt van de; Vélez-Pastrana, María C.; Schellekens, Arnt; ICASA-group,

doi:10.1159/000508546

Cited by 12 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, SUD and nicotine dependence are associated with a negative ADHD outcome [75]. Our findings are in line with Icick [73] and Sanchez [74] on ADHD and SUD with outcome concerns and underline the need for early ADHD detection, diagnosis, and treatment to prevent substance use before escalation to intractable levels.…”

Section: Conclusion and Clinical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Past Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a considerable public health problem. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) frequently occurs in patients with SUD. Several studies demonstrated that ADHD constitutes a significant risk factor for the development of SUDs and suggest that childhood ADHD pharmacotherapy might help prevent development of SUD. Objectives: The study aimed to explore the effect of childhood ADHD pharmacotherapy on later life’s functional impairment and substance use patterns. Methods: Treatment-seeking SUD patients with ADHD (n = 52) were recruited from various rehabilitation facilities in South Africa. Adult ADHD individuals without SUD (n = 48) were recruited from clinicians, retail pharmacies, and the general public. SUD participants in rehabilitation facilities were screened for and diagnosed with ADHD. Lifetime substance use was assessed using self-report. ADHD-related functional impairment was assessed by the Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale (WFIRS). Information on present and lifetime use of ADHD medication was obtained. Clinical outcomes between those with and without a history of ADHD pharmacotherapy were compared. Results: Medicated participants (n = 59) showed lower levels of ADHD-related impairment across all functional domains (p < 0.001), compared to non-medicated participants (n = 41). They also consumed less alcohol (p = 0.04), cannabis (p < 0.001), and illicit drugs (p = 0.006) compared to the non-medicated group. Furthermore, medicated participants had a lower frequency of tobacco use compared to non-medicated participants (p = 0.04). ADHD patients without SUD also more often received medication (100% vs. 18.6%; p < 0.001) and for a longer time (121.10 vs. 9.52 months; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Childhood ADHD pharmacotherapy might be associated with a decreased risk for substance use in adulthood and lower ADHD-related impairment. Despite study limitations, these findings underline the importance of early ADHD detection and treatment, which might prevent SUD.

show abstract

Section: Conclusion and Clinical Implicationssupporting

confidence: 84%

Effect of Past Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Substance Use Disorder

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We found a prevalence of ADHD of 76% among SUD outpatients. This frequency is considerably higher than others studies among SUD patients where ADHD is found for 15–25% of SUD patients ( 3 , 8 ). It is difficult to date to compare these findings, noticing that our prevalence stands for people who were suspected for ADHD.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 65%

“…Comorbid ADHD is associated with more severe patterns of SUD ( 8 ), including higher rate of poly-dependence, earlier onset ( 9 ), and cocaine-induced psychotic symptoms ( 10 ). Consequently, diagnosing ADHD in people with SUDs is of utmost importance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of an Extensive Strategy for Adult Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Patients Suffering From Substance Use Disorders

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is found in up to 20% adults with Substance Use Disorder (SUD). ADHD + SUD is associated with a more complex clinical presentation and poorer outcomes than each disorder alone. In the presence of SUD, adult ADHD is particularly difficult to diagnose as both disorders can mimic or hide the symptoms of each other. Our university hospital in Paris recently started an extensive outpatient diagnostic procedure for adult patients with SUD to ascertain or refute ADHD diagnosis and to provide therapeutic guidance. Here, we report the acceptability of the assessment procedure for patients and the preliminary description of the current and lifetime clinical profiles as a function of the final diagnosis “ADHD vs. no ADHD.”MethodAdult SUD patients with suspected ADHD were included in the current pilot study after stating they had no objection that their de-identified data were used for research purposes, according to French ethical procedures. Patients were evaluated for ADHD, comorbid mental disorders, cognitive state and dimensional psychological variables. They were assessed by trained psychologists and psychiatrists using standardized tools over a day. ADHD diagnosis was mainly based on the Diagnostisch Interview Voor ADHD for DSM-5 (DIVA-5).ResultsOut of 18 eligible patients, 17 were included in the cohort (1 excluded) and none was opposed to using their data. Thirteen (76%) participants were diagnosed with ADHD. All patients appointed for the ADHD diagnostic procedure came, respected schedules and finished the evaluation. All patients were impaired on cognitive functioning and were highly comorbid, but ADHD patients seems to suffer even more from those conditions, especially for cannabis and stimulant use disorders.DiscussionPreliminary results show high acceptability of the procedure by ADHD-SUD patients. This result could be explained by all the organization adapted to the psychopathology. Patients' baseline motivation to participate also represents an uncontrolled variable that could promote the ability to follow the procedure. Acceptance results of the protocol are promising and represent a starting point to identify the best procedures to design patient-centered pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies.

show abstract

“…Second, our work provided a categorical evaluation of the association between AUD and ADHD in individuals suffering from BD, without any additional information on frequency and severity of patterns of alcohol use. This issue is particularly important considering that ADHD symptoms might predict the severity of alcohol-related problems [ 57 ] or a polysubstance abuse pattern [ 58 ]. Moreover, an increase in alcohol consumption might be associated with specific features of ADHD, such as attentional bias [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the Association between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder in Individuals Suffering from Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may influence rates of Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) among individuals suffering from Bipolar Disorder (BD). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to estimate the strength and consistency of the potential association between ADHD and AUD in BD. We searched main electronic databases for studies indexed up to November 2020. We included observational studies investigating the association between ADHD and AUD among individuals with BD. The association between ADHD and AUD was estimated using odds ratios (ORs) with 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Eleven studies, involving 2734 individuals with BD (516 with ADHD), were included in the meta-analysis. Individuals with both BD and ADHD had higher rates of AUD as compared with subjects with BD only (34.0% vs. 18.3%). The estimated OR of AUD for ADHD was 2.50 (95% CI: 1.91 to 3.27; I2 = 13.0%). Study-level characteristics did not influence the effect size. No risk of publication bias was estimated. Despite some limitations, this meta-analysis estimated an association between ADHD and AUD among individuals suffering from BD. At least a portion of the high rates of AUD in BD may, thereby, be related to comorbid ADHD. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the nature of this relationship.

show abstract

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Global Severity Profiles in Treatment-Seeking Patients with Substance Use Disorders

Cited by 12 publications

References 51 publications

Effect of Past Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Substance Use Disorder

Effect of Past Pharmacotherapy for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Substance Use Disorder

Feasibility of an Extensive Strategy for Adult Diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Among Patients Suffering From Substance Use Disorders

Disentangling the Association between ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder in Individuals Suffering from Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About