Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and adverse health outcomes

Nigg, Joel T.

doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.11.005

Cited by 361 publications

(302 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(198 reference statements)

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“…Nonetheless, further genetic variance remains to be explained, and a handful of possibilities need examination. Gene × environment interactions can inflate heritability estimates, and appear to be operating in ADHD as well as in other psychopathologies (Nijmeijer et al 2010;Nigg 2013). Second, epistasis or gene × gene interactions have not been deeply explored.…”

Section: Molecular Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Matthews¹,

Nigg²,

Fair³

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

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109

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Over the last two decades, there have been numerous technical and methodological advances available to clinicians and researchers to better understand attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its etiology. Despite the growing body of literature investigating the disorder's pathophysiology, ADHD remains a complex psychiatric disorder to characterize. This chapter will briefly review the literature on ADHD, with a focus on its history, the current genetic insights, neurophysiologic theories, and the use of neuroimaging to further understand the etiology. We address some of the major concerns that remain unclear about ADHD, including subtype instability, heterogeneity, and the underlying neural correlates that define the disorder. We highlight that the field of ADHD is rapidly evolving; the descriptions provided here will hopefully provide a sturdy foundation for which to build and improve our understanding of the disorder.

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Section: Molecular Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Matthews¹,

Nigg²,

Fair³

2013

Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences

Self Cite

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…however, the characteristics of inattentiveness, organizational dysfunction, and impulsivity often persist [5]. Numerous follow-up studies have confirmed the persistence of ADHD symptoms into adulthood [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Of the total, 2 cases presented in this report showed mood disturbance and/or anxiety. The severity of ADHD and comorbidity results in widely varying courses of treatment, and many students discontinue treatment in adolescence and adulthood [5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, ADHD is often associated with poor emotional and mood regulation, and irritability. Therefore, people with ADHD may have interpersonal-communication problems, in addition to adjustment difficulties [5]. There are serious consequences of ADHD in childhood and adulthood in terms of functional outcomes, and it has been suggested that early recognition and intervention for ADHD and comorbid mental disorders is important for improving future outcomes [7] [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comorbidity of LD and ADHD is relatively high with approximately 31% -45% of students with ADHD having LD as well [5] [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of Early Intervention and Special Educational Support for High School Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Inagaki¹,

Wake²

2017

OJPsych

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Aim: The present study aimed to investigate problems relating to education, past situations and treatments in high school students with attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to discuss appropriate considerations. Methods: Participants were 6 students who were diagnosed with ADHD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria. Results: In total, 6 cases of high-school students with ADHD showed dominantly inattention features. They had notably not been diagnosed with ADHD or received appropriate special support education until they were of high-school age, although they had clearly shown characteristic features of the disorder from childhood. As a result, they had decreased motivation to study and showed indolence, and suffered from low self-esteem. Conclusion: This case report suggests that early diagnosis of ADHD and early intervention with special support education are of great importance. To support these students, better educational and medical support systems are warranted.

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Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Adults and Children of Different Racial and Ethnic Groups

et al. 2019

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Key PointsQuestionWhat are recent trends in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) prevalence and incidence among racial and ethnic groups in the United States?FindingsIn this cohort study of 5 282 877 patients who identified as African American or black, Native American, Pacific Islander, Latino or Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, Asian American, or other and were cared for at Kaiser Permanente Northern California, the annual adult ADHD prevalence and incidence rates significantly increased over a 10-year period for every race/ethnicity except Native American; rates remained highest among white patients throughout. The presence of other psychiatric diagnoses was found to be a major factor associated with likelihood of adult ADHD diagnosis.MeaningThe prevalence and incidence of adults diagnosed with ADHD are increasing, although pronounced racial/ethnic inequalities in rates of diagnosis remain.

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Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and adverse health outcomes

Cited by 361 publications

References 164 publications

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Importance of Early Intervention and Special Educational Support for High School Students with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Trends in the Prevalence and Incidence of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Among Adults and Children of Different Racial and Ethnic Groups

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