Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: An update

Leung, Alexander K. C.; Lemay, Jean-François

doi:10.1007/bf02849796

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…To investigate the relationship between cognitive variables and variations in symptoms dimensions, we conducted a series of Multiple Linear Regressions (MLR) with inattentive symptoms score (1-9), hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms score (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9) and their interaction as the independent variables predicting each dependent measure. Follow-up regression analyses including age, gender and verbal IQ score as independent variables alongside the symptom scores to gauge the persistence of the symptom dimensions.…”

Section: Dimensional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DeFrance et al (5) hypothesized that the ADHDhyp was a disturbance of the "down-regulation" of arousal and impulse control, whereas the ADHDin subtype manifested by a deficit in sustainedattention and the "up-regulation" of arousal. In general, ADHDcom has been considered the most impaired or severe subtype (6) and it has been reported to be the most prevalent (7). However, others find the ADHDin to be more common (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Distinguishing symptom profiles in adolescent ADHD using an objective cognitive test battery

Clarke

Kohn²,

Hermens³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

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Currently diagnosis and assessment of ADHD relies on clinical interview and subjective ratings. Standardized objective cognitive tests can provide additional information about ADHD and help distinguish symptom profiles. Objective: To assess the cognition of adolescent ADHD subtypes using a standardized cognitive test battery. Study Group: Seventy-two ADHD combined subtype, 58 ADHD predominantly inattentive subtype and 130 age-and sex-matched healthy controls. Methods: Cognitive differences between ADHD subtypes were examined according to 1. symptom dimensions (inattentive versus hyperactivity/impulsivity scores) and 2. category (ADHDcom vs. ADHDin). We examined whether cognitive performance would discriminate symptom profiles (from each other and from healthy controls), and whether these profiles could predict test performance. All subjects completed the standardized and fully computerized IntegNeuro test battery using a touch-screen protocol. These tests span the domains of sensori-motor, attention, executive function, language and memory, and have robust construct validity compared to traditional paper-and-pencil tests. The results highlighted the consistency with which performance varied across symptom profiles, irrespective of categorical or dimensional definitions. ADHDcom was primarily distinguished from ADHDin by increased errors and response variability in response inhibition and (to a lesser extent) selective attention tasks. Inattentive symptoms were more likely to predict cognitive performance and there is an indication that despite the same criteria, these symptoms may be more severe in the ADHDcom subtype. Conclusions: These findings highlight the specificity of cognitive deficits, which differentiate ADHD subtypes in adolescence. This study provides consistent evidence that accuracy and response variability in an executive function (response inhibition) task may best distinguish the common ADHD subtypes.

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Section: Dimensional Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Distinguishing symptom profiles in adolescent ADHD using an objective cognitive test battery

Clarke

Kohn²,

Hermens³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most commonly diagnosed childhood psychiatric disorder, occurring in 3-18% of school-age children (e.g., Rowland et al 2002;Leung and Lemay 2003;Scahill and SchwabStone 2000;Szatmari 1992). ADHD, like other psychiatric disorders, is associated with increased rates of smoking (e.g., Lambert and Hartsough 1998;Milberger et al 1997a,b;Pomerleau et al 1995;Tercyak et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylphenidate increases cigarette smoking

et al. 2005

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“…ADHD is characterized by impairments in attention and/or impulse control, contributing to significant difficulties in social, academic and occupational functioning. The disorder is heritable (Faraone, 2003) with an estimated prevalence rate of 3-7% in schoolaged children (Leung and Lemay, 2003;Mannuzza et al, 2003). It is one of the most frequently observed psychiatric disorders in childhood and it persists into adulthood in 6-55% of childhood cases (Mannuzza et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%