Attention Deficit Disorder with and without Hyperactivity: A Review and Comparison of Matched Groups

Processing speed in children with clinical disorders

“…This finding provides external validity for the DSM-IV distinction between ADHD combined type and predominantly inattentive type (commonly referred to as ADD). The finding also supports the position held by many (Barkley, DuPaul, & McMurray, 1990;Cantwell & Baker, 1992;Carlson & Mann, 2002;Goodyear & Hynd, 1992;McBurnett, Pfiffner, & Frick, 2001) that there is an ADHD inattentive subtype not simply characterized by inattention (as described in the DSM-IV) but also by slow performance speed, sluggish cognitive tempo, underarousal, low energy, and lethargy (i.e., hypoactivity). Performance on PSI may be helpful in distinguishing between different ADHD/ ADD subtypes.…”

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A Neuropsychological Perspective Towards DSM-V

“…Reading and listening comprehension deficits are not uncommon and may be related to the adverse impact of inattention (Aaron, Joshi, Palmer, Smith, & Kirby, 2002), working memory (Martinussen & Tannock, 2006) or executive problems of ADHD (Miranda, Soriano, & Garcia, 2005;Samuelsson, Lundberg, & Herkner, 2004). By late childhood (∼ 11 years), as many as 80% of children with ADHD may fall two or more grades below grade level (Cantwell & Baker, 1992). In addition, writing deficits are fairly common particularly among children with ADHD-C (Marcotte & Stern, 1997).…”

“…Speech and language disorders commonly co-occur with ADHD (Baird, Stevenson, & Williams, 2000;Bruce, Thernlund, & Nettelbladt, 2006;Cantwell & Baker, 1992;Cohen et al, 2000;Damico, Damico, & Armstrong, 1999) and are reported to be as high as 40% and 64% in some samples (Gross-Tsur, Shalev, & Amir, 1991;Humphries, Koltun, Malone, & Roberts, 1994;Szatmari, Offord, & Boyle, 1989a;Taylor, Sandberg, Thorley, & Giles, 1991). This appears to be a two-way comorbidity as children with speech and language disorders also have higher-than-expected prevalence of ADHD (30-58%) (Tannock & Brown, 2000).…”

Interference and Cognitive Inhibition in Children With Adhd Using Stroop Task

“…With regard to the nature of inattention, it is postulated that ADHD/IA may be related to selective attention deficit, slow cognitive processing, and retrieval problems, which are thought to be unrelated to behavioral inhibition system. In contrast, ADHD/C may be related to deficiencies in sustained attention and interference control (Barkley, 1997;Cantwell & Barker, 1992;Goodyear & Hynd, 1992).…”