Attempts to enhance production of porcine chimeras from embryonic germ cells and preimplantation embryos

Ren, Rui; Shim, Hosup; Moyer, Alice L.; Anderson, Dianne L.; Penedo, Cecilia; Rowe, Joan D; Bondurant, Robert; Anderson, G. B.

doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2003.06.007

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Similarly, there are several reports of pig ES-like cell lines that were derived from the early genital ridge tissue of the pig. These concern the isolation and culture of the pluripotent primordial germ cells to establish so-called embryonic germ (EG) cell lines which, in the case of mouse and human EG cell lines, have proven to be or are assumed to be functionally equivalent to ES cell lines [32][33][34][35]. However, putative EG cell lines of ungulates are not the subject of this review and are only noted for the reader's information.…”

Section: Review Of Ungulate Es Cell Line Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pursuit of ES Cell Lines of Domesticated Ungulates

Talbot¹,

Blomberg²

2008

Stem Cell Rev

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In contrast to differentiated cells, embryonic stem cells (ESC) maintain an undifferentiated state, have the ability to self-renew, and exhibit pluripotency, i.e., they can give rise to most if not all somatic cell types and to the germ cells, egg and sperm. These characteristics make ES cell lines important resources for the advancement of human regenerative medicine, and, if established for domesticated ungulates, would help make possible the improvement of farm animals through their contribution to genetic engineering technology. Combining other genetic engineering technologies, such as somatic cell nuclear transfer with ESC technology may result in synergistic gains in the ability to precisely make and study genetic alterations in mammals. Unfortunately, despite significant advances in our understanding of human and mouse ESC, the derivation of ES cell lines from ungulate species has been unsuccessful. This may result from a lack of understanding of species-specific mechanisms that promote or influence cell pluripotency. Thorough molecular characterizations, including the elucidation of stem cell "marker" signaling cascade hierarchy, species-appropriate pluripotency markers, and pluripotency-associated chromatin alterations in the genomes of ungulate species, should improve the chances of developing efficient, reproducible technologies for the establishment of ES cell lines of economically important species like the pig, cow, goat, sheep and horse.

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Section: Review Of Ungulate Es Cell Line Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pursuit of ES Cell Lines of Domesticated Ungulates

Talbot¹,

Blomberg²

2008

Stem Cell Rev

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“…Recent in-depth characterisation of putative porcine EGCs by functional and molecular studies, including RNA sequencing (RNAseq), indicates that the cells are rather multipotent than pluripotent and do not show higher expression levels of some of the key pluripotency transcription factors than porcine embryonic fibroblasts (Petkov et al 2011). EGCs can potentially be cultured in vitro indefinitely in the undifferentiated state, and thus have the potential to overcome the limitations encountered with the short lifespan of somatic cells and to facilitate the production of transgenic animals (Rui et al 2004(Rui et al , 2006Ahn et al 2007). Porcine EGCs were stably transfected with an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) construct (Piedrahita et al 1998;Rui et al 2006;Ahn et al 2007) and EGFP-positive EGCs integrated into the inner cell mass of the host blastocyst after injection (Rui et al 2006) or gave rise to blastocysts expressing EGFP after use as donor cells in somatic cell nuclear transfer (Ahn et al 2007).…”

Section: Pig (Sus Scrofa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotent cells in farm animals: state of the art and future perspectives

Nowak‐Imialek

Niemann

2013

Reprod. Fertil. Dev.

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Pluripotent cells, such as embryonic stem (ES) cells, embryonic germ cells and embryonic carcinoma cells are a unique type of cell because they remain undifferentiated indefinitely in in vitro culture, show self-renewal and possess the ability to differentiate into derivatives of the three germ layers. These capabilities make them a unique in vitro model for studying development, differentiation and for targeted modification of the genome. True pluripotent ESCs have only been described in the laboratory mouse and rat. However, rodent physiology and anatomy differ substantially from that of humans, detracting from the value of the rodent model for studies of human diseases and the development of cellular therapies in regenerative medicine. Recently, progress in the isolation of pluripotent cells in farm animals has been made and new technologies for reprogramming of somatic cells into a pluripotent state have been developed. Prior to clinical application of therapeutic cells differentiated from pluripotent stem cells in human patients, their survival and the absence of tumourigenic potential must be assessed in suitable preclinical large animal models. The establishment of pluripotent cell lines in farm animals may provide new opportunities for the production of transgenic animals, would facilitate development and validation of large animal models for evaluating ESC-based therapies and would thus contribute to the improvement of human and animal health. This review summarises the recent progress in the derivation of pluripotent and reprogrammed cells from farm animals. We refer to our recent review on this area, to which this article is complementary.

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“…Additionally, there has been a report of live chimera generation from pESC, although there was no contribution to the germ line [32]. A few porcine cell lines derived from primordial germ cells (embryonic germ cells) have also demonstrated the ability to become incorporated into chimeras, with similar lack of germ line transmission [47][48][49][50]. Even so, the general consensus is that none of these lines, including those from germ cells, were truly ESC and pluripotent [51,52].…”

Section: Esc In Ungulate Species-a Progress Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Promise of Stem Cell Research in Pigs and Other Ungulate Species

Telugu

Ezashi

Roberts

2009

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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Despite two decades of effort, establishment of pluripotent embryonic stem cells (ESC) from ungulates such as cattle and pigs has remained an elusive goal, with true ESC only successfully isolated from rodents and primates. The many reports describing ESC-like cultures from other "difficult" species has largely depended upon adopting strategies successful for mouse and human and have not yet produced a cell type that both proliferated continuously in culture without differentiation and demonstrated full pluripotent potential. These difficulties may have been exacerbated in ungulates by the lack of specific markers exclusive to inner cell mass (ICM) and its derivative the epiblast and by unique features of their preimplantation development. Especially important may have been the choice of culture condition, including growth factors, for establishing and sustaining the ESC. Recent modifications to culture medium, notably the inclusion of particular protein kinase inhibitors, have permitted ESC derivation from rat and previously "non-permissive" mouse strains. These conditions appear to stabilize the biochemical networks that sustain pluripotency and to render the cells dependent upon LIF signaling. In addition, the recent successful generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) from pig by procedures that should be easily adapted to other species, is also likely to advance the area quickly. The pig is a particularly desirable species to create pluripotent cell lines because of its value as a biomedical model in transplantation at a time when there is mounting pressure to rush stem cells to the clinic before their safety has been adequately tested in animals.

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Attempts to enhance production of porcine chimeras from embryonic germ cells and preimplantation embryos

Cited by 34 publications

References 45 publications

The Pursuit of ES Cell Lines of Domesticated Ungulates

The Pursuit of ES Cell Lines of Domesticated Ungulates

Pluripotent cells in farm animals: state of the art and future perspectives

The Promise of Stem Cell Research in Pigs and Other Ungulate Species

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