Attempted suicide among immigrants in European countries: an international perspective

Lipsicas, Cendrine Bursztein; Mäkinen, Ilkka; Apter, Alan; Leo, Diego De; Kerkhof, A.J.F.M.; Lönnqvist, Jouko; Michel, Konrad; Renberg, Ellinor Salander; Sayil, Işık; Schmidtke, Armin; Heeringen, Cornelis Van; Värnik, Airi; Wasserman, Danuta

doi:10.1007/s00127-010-0336-6

Cited by 77 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…[15] In an international study, 27 out of the 56 immigrant groups are shown to have higher suicide attempt rates than their host country counterparts, with only four groups having significantly lower rates. [34] This suggests the importance of understanding differences across immigrant groups and by age of arrival.…”

Section: Overview Of Risk and Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration and Mental Health

2017

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Purpose of review While the experience of migration and resettlement in a new country is associated with mental health risks, immigrants generally demonstrate better mental health than expected. This review describes patterns in mental health outcomes among immigrants. We discuss a conceptual model of the potential underlying mechanisms that could buffer the stress and disadvantage experienced by this substantial and growing population. Recent findings While epidemiological studies have established a general pattern of lower risk for mental health disorders among first-generation (foreign-born) immigrants in the U.S., recent studies highlight how this pattern varies substantially by the intersection of race, ethnicity, national origin, gender, and socioeconomic status. Contextual factors including the family and neighborhood context; an immigrant’s social position; experiences of social support and social exclusion; language competency and ability; and exposure to discrimination and acculturative stress further influence the relationship between immigration and mental health. Summary We conclude with an emphasis on social resilience processes, with a focus on how immigrants develop social relations, social capital and social networks. We recommend future directions for research that prioritize identifying and understanding social adaptation strategies adopted by immigrant groups to cope with immigration stressors.

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Section: Overview Of Risk and Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immigration and Mental Health

2017

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“…Generation and time in the U.S. appear to influence the risk for suicidality among Latinos [9-11], with SI highest in US-born Latinos, followed by immigrants who migrated as children (<=12 years) [4, 12]. This posits an association of acculturation and time in the US with suicidality [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Endorsement of acculturative stress has been associated with over three times increased odds of suicide attempts among Latino emerging adults in the U.S. [14]. A study of immigrants in European countries showed that 27 out of 56 groups studied had higher rates of suicide attempts when compared to the host population and to their counterparts who had not migrated [9]. In a separate study in the Netherlands, living in a neighborhood with high minority density was associated with lower rates of suicide among non-Western immigrants when compared to native Dutch residents [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, migration stressors and suicidal ideation among Latino immigrants in Spain and the United States

et al. 2016

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Background Immigration stress appears to augment the risk for suicide behaviors for Latinos. Yet, specific risk factors that contribute to suicidal ideation (SI) among diverse Latino immigrant populations are not well established. Methods Data were collected in Boston, Madrid and Barcelona using a screening battery assessing mental health, substance abuse risk, trauma exposure, demographics, and socio-cultural factors. Prevalence rates of lifetime and 30-day SI were compared across sites. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify socio-demographic, clinical, and socio-cultural-contextual factors associated with 30-day SI. Results 567 Latino patients from primary care, behavioral health and HIV clinics and community agencies participated. Rates of lifetime SI ranged from 29-35%; rates for 30-day SI were 21-23%. Rates of SI were not statistically different between sites. Factors associated with SI included exposure to discrimination, lower ethnic identity, elevated family conflict, and low sense of belonging (p<0.01). In the adjusted model, higher scores on depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and trauma exposure were significantly associated with 30-day SI (OR = 1.14, 1.04, and 7.76, respectively). Greater number of years living in the host country was significantly associated with increased odds of having SI (OR=2.22) while having citizenship status was associated with lower odds (OR=0.45). Conclusion Latinos suffering depression, trauma exposure, and immigration stressors are more likely to experience SI. Despite differences in country of origin, education, and other demographic factors between countries, rates of SI did not differ. Recommendations for prevention and clinical practice for addressing suicidal ideation risk among Latino immigrants are discussed.

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“…In a small study of Black youth aged 18–24 ( N = 250), Castle et al [48] reported that acculturation was positively associated with suicidal ideation. Similarly, elevated rates of attempted suicide among racial/ethnic minority immigrants in European countries may indicate difficulties in the acculturation and social integration process [49]. Crawford et al [50] found that suicide attempts were more common among women in certain minority groups compared to White and native samples in the UK.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Duration of US residence and suicidality among racial/ethnic minority immigrants

Brown

Cohen

Mezuk

2014

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose The immigration experience embodies a range of factors including different cultural norms and expectations, which may be particularly important for groups who become racial/ethnic minorities when they migrate to the US. However, little is known about the correlates of mental health indicators among these groups. The primary and secondary aims were to determine the association between duration of US residence and suicidality, and 12-month mood, anxiety, and substance use disorders, respectively, among racial/ethnic minority immigrants. Methods Data were obtained from the National Survey of American Life and the National Latino and Asian American Survey. Multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the association between duration of US residence, and suicidality and 12-month psychopathology. Results Among Afro-Caribbeans, there was a modest positive association between duration of US residence and 12-month psychopathology (Plinear trend = 0.016). Among Asians there was a modest positive association between duration of US residence and suicidal ideation and attempts (Plinear trend = 0.018, 0.063, respectively). Among Latinos, there was a positive association between duration of US residence, and suicidal ideation, attempts and 12-month psychopathology (Plinear trend = 0.001, 0.012, 0.002, respectively). Latinos who had been in the US for >20 years had 2.6 times greater likelihood of suicidal ideation relative to those who had been in the US for <5 years (95 % CI 1.01–6.78). Conclusions The association between duration of US residence and suicidality and psychopathology varies across racial/ethnic minority groups. The results for Latino immigrants are broadly consistent with the goal-striving or acculturation stress hypothesis.

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Attempted suicide among immigrants in European countries: an international perspective

Cited by 77 publications

References 51 publications

Immigration and Mental Health

Immigration and Mental Health

Mental health, migration stressors and suicidal ideation among Latino immigrants in Spain and the United States

Duration of US residence and suicidality among racial/ethnic minority immigrants

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