Attachment styles, interpersonal relationships and psychotic phenomena in a non-clinical student sample

Berry, Katherine; Wearden, Alison; Barrowclough, Christine; Liversidge, Tom

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.03.009

Cited by 169 publications

(219 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…A global score provides an indication of overall interpersonal problems, where higher scores indicate greater interpersonal problems. The IIP has demonstrated high reliability [35] and has been applied in both non-clinical [36] and clinical samples [18,37]. The Cronbach's alpha ranged from .74 to .90 in this group.…”

Section: Experiences Of Transphobic Victimisation the Experiences Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Trans Youth

Arcelus

Claes

Witcomb

et al. 2016

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

105

104

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Section: Experiences Of Transphobic Victimisation the Experiences Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Trans Youth

Arcelus

Claes

Witcomb

et al. 2016

The Journal of Sexual Medicine

105

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Data are scarce regarding specific relationships of attachment styles with individual symptoms, but there is some evidence of a significant association between insecure attachment and paranoia (Berry, Wearden, Barrowclough, & Liversidge, 2006;Berry et al, 2008;MacBeth, Schwannauer, & Gumley, 2008). It has mostly been reported that insecure attachments are associated with a broad range of symptoms, but a recent analogue study (Pickering, Simpson, & Bentall, 2008) found among 503 students that an insecure attachment style specifically predicted paranoia, not hallucinations.…”

Section: Attachment Theory and Psychosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

Vorontsova¹,

Garety²,

Freeman³

2013

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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Depression is common in people with schizophrenia, but how it might directly contribute to the persistence of psychotic symptoms has rarely been tested. The key aim of the present study was to test whether depression and associated cognitive processes predict the maintenance of persecutory delusions. Three groups of participants were tested at baseline: 60 patients with persecutory delusions in the context of a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis, 30 patients with depression, and 30 nonclinical controls. They completed interviewer and self-report assessments of depression and paranoia, and measures of six cognitive factors (schematic beliefs, experiential avoidance, autobiographical memory, problem solving, rumination, worry style). The patients with persecutory delusions were then assessed again, six months later. It was found that 50% of the patients with persecutory delusions met diagnostic criteria for major depression. Cognitive processes found to be associated with depression across the groups were negative schematic beliefs about the self, experiential avoidance and rumination, but not autobiographical memory or problem solving. The severity of initial depression in patients with persecutory delusions predicted the persistence of paranoia over six months. A number of cognitive factors also predicted the persistence of persecutory delusions, including negative schematic beliefs about the self, worry, and problem-solving difficulties. In conclusion, depression is common in patients with current persecutory delusions, and it shows similar cognitive features to major depressive disorder. The results of this study indicate that depression and related processes may contribute to the maintenance of paranoia. Trials are warranted of depression-related therapeutic techniques for people with persecutory delusions.

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“…Systematic analyses of attachment in relation to aspects of schizotypy and schizophrenia (Berry et al 2007(Berry et al , 2008Gumley et al 2008;Tiliopoulos and Goodall 2009) have documented higher than normal levels of insecure attachment in these conditions, with general support for Bowlby's prediction of linkages between childhood experiences and psychoticbehavioral profiles. Thus, in non-clinical populations avoidant attachment has been associated with negative schizoptypal traits, and anxious attachment with positive schizotypy (Wilson and Constanzo 1996;Berry et al 2006); insecure attachment has also been linked with paranoia in schizophrenia (Pickering et al 2008), and disorganized attachment may be related to dissociative cognitive states that accompany schizophrenia in some patients (Berry et al 2008;Liotti and Gumley 2008).…”

Section: Schizophrenia and Attachmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Strategies of the Genes: Genomic Conflicts, Attachment Theory, and Development of the Social Brain

Crespi

2011

Brain, Behavior and Epigenetics

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I describe and evaluate the hypothesis that effects from parent-offspring conflict and genomic imprinting on human neurodevelopment and behavior are central to evolved systems of mother-child attachment. The psychological constructs of Bowlby's attachment theory provide phenomenological descriptions of how attachment orchestrates affective-cognitive development, and patterns of imprinted gene expression and co-expression provide evidence of epigenetic and evolutionary underpinnings to human growth and neurodevelopment. Social-environmental perturbations to the development of normally-secure attachment, and alterations to evolved systems of parent-offspring conflict and imprinted-gene effects, are expected to lead to specific forms of maladaptation, manifest in psychiatric conditions affecting social-brain development. In particular, under-development of the social brain in autism may be mediated in part by mechanisms that lead to physically enhanced yet psychologically under-developed attachment to the mother, and affective-psychotic conditions, such as schizophrenia and depression, may be mediated in part by forms of insecure attachment and by increased relative effects of the maternal brain, both directly from mothers and via imprinted-gene effects in offspring. These hypotheses are concordant with findings from epidemiology, attachment theory, psychiatry, and genetic and epigenetic analyses of risk factors for autism and affective-psychotic conditions, they make novel predictions for explaining the causes of psychosis in Prader-Willi syndrome and idiopathic schizophrenia, and they suggest avenues for therapeutic interventions based on normalizing alterations to epigenetic networks and targeting public-health interventions towards reduction of perturbations to the development of secure attachment in early childhood and individuation during adolescence.

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Attachment styles, interpersonal relationships and psychotic phenomena in a non-clinical student sample

Cited by 169 publications

References 29 publications

Risk Factors for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Trans Youth

Risk Factors for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury Among Trans Youth

Cognitive factors maintaining persecutory delusions in psychosis: The contribution of depression.

The Strategies of the Genes: Genomic Conflicts, Attachment Theory, and Development of the Social Brain

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