Attachment Disturbances in Young Children. II: Indiscriminate Behavior and Institutional Care

Zeanah, Charles H.; Smyke, Anna T.; Dumitrescu, Alina

doi:10.1097/00004583-200208000-00017

Cited by 191 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We have previously shown that children with indiscriminate friendliness can have complex neurodevelopmental problems and yet are frequently not engaged with therapeutic services (Kocovska et al, 2012). Sufferers can have problems with emotional and behavioural functioning and affect regulation ( Zeanah et al, 2002;Green 2003;Rutter and Sonuga-Barke, 2010;Gleason et al, 2011), and research with international (mainly post-intitutionalised) adoptees has demonstrated an association between indiscriminate friendliness and abnormalities of the Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, which governs the secretion of stress hormones such as cortisol .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol secretion in children with symptoms of reactive attachment disorder

Kočovská

Wilson

Young

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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Maltreated children with Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) have severe problems with social relationships and affect regulation. An association between early maltreatment and changes in the daily rhythm of cortisol secretion has already been reported for maltreated toddlers. We sought to find out whether such changes were apparent in school-age children with symptoms of RAD, who had experienced early maltreatment but were currently adopted in well functioning families. We recruited 66 children: 34 5-12 year old adopted children with an early history of maltreatment and with social difficulties such as indiscriminate friendliness; and 32 age-and sex-matched comparison children with no history of maltreatment or social difficulties. Daily rhythms of cortisol production were determined from saliva samples collected over two days.The adopted group had significantly lower absolute levels of cortisol compared to the control group, but a typical profile of cortisol secretion. There was no association between cortisol secretion and symptom scores for psychopathology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol secretion in children with symptoms of reactive attachment disorder

Kočovská

Wilson

Young

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…In addition, a significant minority suffer from serious problems with social relationships such as indiscriminate friendliness (Rushton & Dance, 2006) which are thought to be associated with these early experiences of deprivation or trauma (Rutter et al, 2007;Zeanah, Smyke, & Dumitrescu, 2002). In the UK, adoption does not take place on average until 4 years (http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/press/news2004/03adopt-press.html; http://www.baaf.org.uk/info/stats/england.shtml ), despite the presence of adversity in most cases since birth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RAD is still a controversial diagnosis, apparently associated with both under and over referral to psychiatric services among adoptive families (Byrne, 2003). Most of the research on RAD has focussed on disinhibited social behaviour among internationally adopted, previously institutionalised infants or children (Bruce, Tarullo, & Gunnar, 2009;Rutter et al, 2007;Zeanah et al, 2002) and little is known about these difficulties in school-age children who have been adopted from the care system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurodevelopmental problems in maltreated children referred with indiscriminate friendliness

Kočovská

Puckering

Follan

et al. 2012

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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We aimed to explore the extent of neurodevelopmental difficulties in severely maltreated adopted children. We recruited 34 adopted children, referred with symptoms of indiscriminate friendliness and a history of severe maltreatment in their early childhood and 32 typically developing comparison children without such a history, living in biological families. All 66 children, aged 5-12 years, underwent a detailed neuropsychiatric assessment.The overwhelming majority of the adopted/indiscriminately friendly group had a range of psychiatric diagnoses, including Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), PostTraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and one third exhibited the disorganised pattern of attachment. The mean IQ was 15 points lower than the comparison group and the majority of the adopted group had suspected language disorder and/or delay. Our findings show that school-aged adopted children with a history of severe maltreatment can have very complex and sometimes disabling neuropsychiatric problems.

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“…À cet égard, les jeunes suivis par les services de protection de l'enfance présentent davantage de psychopathologies que ceux de la population générale. Selon les auteurs qui ont documenté la question, ces jeunes sont principalement affectés de troubles associés à des comportements dits « perturbateurs » (Garland et al, 2001 ;Hotte et al, 1996 ;Pauzé et al, 2004), et seraient portés à ressentir davantage de sentiments dépressifs et anxieux (De Bellis et al, 2001 ;Éthier, Lemelin et Lacharité, 2004) ou à répondre aux critères diagnostiques d'un trouble réactionnel de l'attachement (Nadeau et al, 2010 ;Zeanah et al, 2004 ;Zeanah, Smyke et Dumitrescu, 2002 ;voir Nadeau et al, 2012, pour une recension de la littérature). De plus, ces jeunes cumulent un ensemble de facteurs de risques associés au fait de vivre en contexte de grande adversité et au stress chronique qui l'accompagne comme la pauvreté, l'exposition à diverses formes de violence, les difficultés personnelles et scolaires, ou l'exclusion sociale de leurs parents, etc.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Comportements suicidaires d’un jeune ou refus de recevoir des soins en santé mentale : quand la situation est signalée à la DPJ…

Nadeau

Lacerte

Tremblay-Roy

et al. 2015

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Cette étude explore à partir d’une cohorte de jeunes en protection de la jeunesse (N=40 079) des éléments non encore documentés dans la littérature. Elle examine la trajectoire de services de jeunes qui sont signalés aux autorités ou évalués pour des comportements suicidaires ou qui refusent des soins en santé mentale. La gestion du risque associé à ces jeunes diffère de ce qu’elle doit être pour les autres jeunes Québécois signalés aux autorités pour maltraitance : l’analyse de la compromission de leur sécurité semble notamment plus prudente. Cet article vise à éclairer les décideurs et concepteurs de programmes sur les enjeux associés à l’utilisation des services par les jeunes vulnérables, pour ainsi leur offrir des services toujours mieux adaptés et maximiser leur chance d’inclusion sociale.

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Attachment Disturbances in Young Children. II: Indiscriminate Behavior and Institutional Care

Cited by 191 publications

References 13 publications

Cortisol secretion in children with symptoms of reactive attachment disorder

Cortisol secretion in children with symptoms of reactive attachment disorder

Neurodevelopmental problems in maltreated children referred with indiscriminate friendliness

Comportements suicidaires d’un jeune ou refus de recevoir des soins en santé mentale : quand la situation est signalée à la DPJ…

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