Atributos Biofísicos De Frutos E Sementes E Emergência De Plântulas De Jutaí-Açú

Abstract

Biometric studies of fruits and seeds can detect phenotypic variability among individuals of the same species and it be applied in breeding programs. Besides, they contribute to the selection of seeds with a higher standard of biophysical quality to be used for the seedlings production. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fruit and seeds biophysical traits and emergency of "jutaí-açú" (Hymenaea courbaril L.) seedlings from different provenance. The fruits and seeds come from the municipalities of Ananindeua and Portel, Pará. For biometric evaluation of fruits and seeds and fresh mass, 50 and 100 units were used, respectively. Additionally, the moisture content and number of seeds per fruit were evaluated. The emergency test was performed in a completely randomized design, consisting four replicates of 25 seeds each. The percentage of emergency (E), emergency speed index (ESI) and average time of emergency (ATE) were evaluated. Ananindeua provenance showed higher averages for length, thickness and number of seeds per fruit. In contrast, the Portel provenance showed the highest averages for length and seed thickness. Ananindeua provenance was higher physiologically in relation to the Portel provenance, with E equal to 73 and 21%, respectively; the TME was 14.86 and 23.03, respectively; and the IVE was 1.27 and 0.23 respectively. The results showed variations between the biophysical and physiological attributes of the two provenances.

Morphological integration between seeds and seedlings ofHymenaea courbaril

“…There is still conflicting information concerning the influence of origin on germination and seed parameters. Variations between seed weight of different parent plants have already been mentioned in the literature [9], [32]. Other authors concluded that even when these differences were present, they did not provide substantial variations in germination aspects [39], [43].…”

“…Thus, the great genetic diversity of these species [38], [39] is generally pointed out as the mean cause. However, seed growth is also influenced by environmental cues [7], [9], [40] such as edaphoclimatic differences [9] and ecologic interactions [4].…”

“…In the seedling production context, seed weight is usually a parameter to measure the seed lot quality and genetic diversity [1], [4], [9]. In addition, it is relevant, as these seeds are usually sold per kilogram [9], [41], [42].…”

“…There is some uncertainty about the relationship between seed weight and/or size in seedling vigor [7]. While crop science has been shown that, to economically relevant species, seed size is an appropriate parameter to measure seedling quality and vigor, in forestry species case, and especially from tropical countries [4], this is not extensively explored [8], [9]. Page|…”

“…Morphological characterization and influence on seed and fruit quality have been scarcely explored to forestry seeds [9]. In this context, H. courbaril has the potential for quick production and high seedling survival in the field [11], [20].…”