Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease as Risk Factors of Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Yen, Ju‐Chuan; Lin, Hsiu Chen; Hsu, Chia-An; Li, Yu-Chuan; Hsu, Min-Huei

doi:10.1155/2015/374616

Cited by 29 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…23 Therefore, we identified potential risk factors for RAO on the basis of previous case series, large database reviews, and case reports on spontaneous RAO as recommended in the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology statement. 24 Medical diagnoses (ICD-9-CM codes in Table S2, available at www.aaojournal.org) studied were coronary artery disease, 11 carotid artery stenosis, 10,11 diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 and 2 without complications, 3 DM with complications (ophthalmic, renal, or neurologic), 25 hypertension, 10 hypertension with cardiac complications, 26 obesity, 10 peripheral vascular disease, smoking, 27 myxoma, 14,15 congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, 11 giant cell arteritis, 28 acute coronary syndrome, 29 ventricular septal defect, 30 atrial/mitral stenosis and/or insufficiency, 13 cardiomyopathy, thrombocytopenia, and hypercoagulable state (including primary and secondary hypercoagulable states, homocystinuria, and presence of antiphospholipid antibodies). 12,31,32 Hospital conditions included anemia, transfusion, cardiogenic shock, and postoperative bleeding.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perioperative Retinal Artery Occlusion

et al. 2017

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Purpose To study the incidence and risk factors for retinal artery occlusion (RAO) in cardiac surgery. Design Retrospective study using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS). Methods The NIS was searched for cardiac surgery. Retinal artery occlusion was identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) codes. Postulated risk factors based on literature review were included in multivariate logistic models. Main Outcome Measures Diagnosis of RAO. Results A total of 5 872 833 cardiac operative procedures were estimated in the United States from 1998 to 2013, with 4564 RAO cases (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4282–4869). Nationally estimated RAO incidence was 7.77/10 000 cardiac operative procedures from 1998 to 2013 (95% CI, 7.29–8.29). Associated with increased RAO were giant cell arteritis (odds ratio [OR], 7.73; CI, 2.78–21.52; P < 0.001), transient cerebral ischemia (OR, 7.67; CI, 5.31–11.07; P < 0.001), carotid artery stenosis (OR, 7.52; CI, 6.22–9.09; P < 0.001), embolic stroke (OR, 4.43; CI, 3.05–6.42; P < 0.001), hypercoagulability (OR, 2.90; CI, 1.56–5.39; P < 0.001), myxoma (OR, 2.43; CI, 1.39–4.26; P = 0.002), diabetes mellitus (DM) with ophthalmic complications (OR, 1.89; CI, 1.10–3.24; P = 0.02), and aortic insufficiency (OR, 1.85; CI, 1.26–2.71; P = 0.002). Perioperative bleeding, aortic and mitral valve surgery, and septal surgery increased the odds of RAO. Negatively associated with RAO were female gender (OR, 0.77; CI, 0.66–0.89; P < 0.001), thrombocytopenia (OR, 0.79; CI, 0.62–1.00; P = 0.049), acute coronary syndrome (OR, 0.72; CI, 0.58–0.89; P = 0.003), atrial fibrillation (OR, 0.82; CI, 0.70–0.95; P = 0.01), congestive heart failure (OR, 0.73; CI, 0.60–0.88; P < 0.001), DM 2 (OR, 0.74; CI, 0.61–0.89; P = 0.001), and smoking (OR, 0.82; CI, 0.70–0.97; P = 0.02). Conclusions Risk factors for RAO in cardiac surgery include giant cell arteritis, carotid stenosis, stroke, hypercoagulable state, and DM with ophthalmic complications; associated with lower risk were female gender, thrombocytopenia, acute coronary syndrome, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, DM 2, and smoking. Surgery in which the heart was opened (e.g., septal repair) versus surgery in which it was not (e.g., CABG) and perioperative bleeding increased the risk of RAO.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3,10,11 Associations also have been documented for spontaneously developing RAO and hypercoagulable state, 12 valvular heart disease, 13 and myxoma. 14,15 Accordingly, we hypothesized that risk factors for RAO after cardiac surgery resemble those of spontaneous RAO.…”

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confidence: 96%

Perioperative Retinal Artery Occlusion

et al. 2017

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“…ere had been quite a few ophthalmology publications regarding disease associations [2,3]. However, none attempted to construct the big picture of ophthalmology service utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Outpatient Eye Care Services in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population Study

Hsu

Hsiao

Hsu

et al. 2020

Journal of Ophthalmology

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Introduction. A study based on the Taiwanese National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) to reveal the ocular diseases landscape. Materials and Methods. This study comprised all ophthalmological outpatient patient visits (n = 6,341,266) in the Taiwanese longitudinal NHIRD 2000. Descriptive analytics based on 15 disease categories of ICD-9-CM and 10 tiers of age categories was performed with SAS for Windows 9.3 (SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC, U.S.A.). Results. The average frequency of visits was 0.7 visits per year. The mean age was 36.2 years old. Bimodal peak of visits in the first, second, and eighth decade of life was revealed. Conjunctiva is the most dominant disease category throughout life while different categories play major roles in each decade of life. The most frequent disease code of each category was listed. Discussion. The bimodal peak of visits revealed the age group of the most prominent ocular disease burden. Peak in school age population can be partially explained by the nationwide vision screening program, while aging accounts for the lens disorder and glaucoma of the senile peak. The disease category frequency variation among age categories reflects the development and aging of the eye. The most frequent disease codes of each category highlight disease of importance for primary practitioners and ophthalmologists. Conclusion. Taiwanese longitudinal NHIRD was used to reveal the ophthalmological disease landscape. The epidemiological insight, while limited in clinical presentation and economic impact, enables physicians and policy makers to improve the overall vision health of the population.

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“…Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) refers to acute retinal ischemia and hypoxia as well as serious damage of visual function caused by disorders in retinal blood circulation, and the disorders result from retinal artery spasm, artery intimitis, or the occlusion in the fiber thrombus of blood platelets or blood vessels ( 1 ). Retinal central artery occlusion is one of the emergent cases in ophthalmology that can seriously damage vision and result in unsatisfactory prognosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation on therapeutic efficacy of rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis combined with compound anisodine injection on central retinal artery occlusion

Gao

Liu

et al. 2016

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

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The aim of the present study was to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) combined with compound anisodine in treating central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO). Forty-eight patients diagnosed with CRAO were randomly divided into a treatment group (24 cases) and a control group (24 cases). For the control group, nitroglycerin, 654-2, methazolamide, puerarin and compound anisodine were used for the treatment, along with oxygen, massage and other conventional treatments. Besides conventional therapy, the treatment group was also given intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis. Visual acuity, fundus oculi, visual field changes were taken as indicators for efficacy evaluation. It was found that the total effective rate of the control group was 70.83%, while that for the treatment group was 91.67%, and the comparative difference between the two groups was of statistical significance (p<0.05). The visual field defect of the control group after treatment was approximately 74.26±12.91%, and the visual field defect of the treatment group after treatment approximately 35.08±16.33%; thus, the comparative difference was statistically significant (p<0.01). The comparative difference of the original contents of fibrous protein in blood in the treatment group before and after treatment was statistically significant (p<0.01). In conclusion, the result show that intravenous thrombolysis with rt-PA combined with compound anisodine is safe and effective in treating CRAO, which can significantly improve the prognosis of patients.

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Atrial Fibrillation and Coronary Artery Disease as Risk Factors of Retinal Artery Occlusion: A Nationwide Population-Based Study

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Perioperative Retinal Artery Occlusion

Perioperative Retinal Artery Occlusion

Utilization of Outpatient Eye Care Services in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population Study

Observation on therapeutic efficacy of rt-PA intravenous thrombolysis combined with compound anisodine injection on central retinal artery occlusion

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