Atretic Cephalocele: Report of Two Cases

Kim, Soo Yeon; Lee, Ghi Jai; Shim, Jae Chan; Jeong, Hae Jeong; Joo, Mee; Kim, Ho Kyun

doi:10.3348/jkrs.2000.42.2.363

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In figure 4,it is clear that in the decreassing order of frequencies, the real permittivity ε' of PEDOT-VC rises most rapidely for high temperatures, otherwise it tends to take the same constant value ε ∞ for high frequencies and at different temperatures. This behavior indicates that mechanism governing in PEDOT-VC is near to Debye relaxation [26][27]. The Figure 5 shows the variation of the imaginary permittivity ε" against temperature T for several frequencies.…”

Section: Dielectric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Frequency and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Properties of PEDOT-VC Copolymer

2021

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The copolymer based on Poly(3, 4-Ethylene dioxythiophen) and Poly(n-Vinylcarbazole) was characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy. The temperature and frequency evolutions of dielectric parameters are also plotted and studied. The dependence of ε” on the temperature shows relaxation process for studied copolymer especially with frequencies about 1kHz for the temperatures: 90°C < T < 118°C. The values of ε’∞, ε’’MAX, relaxation time and DC conductivity corresponding to the copolymer are also determined with the aim to provide dielectric analysis involving vital information about this new polymeric compound.

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Section: Dielectric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Frequency and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Properties of PEDOT-VC Copolymer

2021

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“…LiCl was dehydrated at 250 • C for at least 12 hours before the experiments. 35 Measurements.-The measurements were performed in alumina crucibles inside a glove box (Argon, UHP, ∼20 ppm O 2 and H 2 O). A three-electrode cell configuration was in use: tungsten cathodes (1.5 mm diameter rods, typical 0.5 cm length and 0.253 cm 2 calculated surface area, Alfa-Aesar, 99.95%), glassy carbon anodes (2 mm diameter rods, typical 2 cm length and 1.288 cm 2 calculated surface area, Metrohm) and custom-made Ag/Ag + reference electrodes (a silver wire, immersed in AgCl-KCl-XCl,15 w% AgCl in KCl-XCl, X = Na, Li, in an alumina tube).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature-Dependent Impedance Spectroscopy of Molten Alkali-Halide Salt Binary Mixtures

Cohen¹,

Gabay²,

Cohen³

2014

ECS Electrochemistry Letters

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The complex electrochemical impedance spectra of tungsten -(KCl-LiCl) interface at 700-800 • C consist of two well-separated semicircles. One at high frequencies and reflects charge transfer resistance and interfacial capacitance. The second is at low frequencies and is attributed to the electrical properties of the melt. Similar spectra are measured for tungsten -(KCl-NaCl) interface. The low-frequencies semicircle though is reduced above 750 • C. Entropy estimations from cyclic voltammetry measurements indicate an increase in the entropy of KCl-NaCl at ∼750 • C and a possible change in the inter-ionic order and interactions. Asymmetric anion polarization interactions are suggested to be involved.Molten salt mixtures are widely used as media for chemical and electrochemical synthesis. The use of molten salt eutectics, such as: KCI-NaCl, KCl-LiCl, and CaCl 2 -NaCl 1-3 is popular due to their high heat capacity, high ionic-conductivity and relatively low melting points. 4-6 Molten alkali-halide salts are featured with a wide electrochemical window 7,8 that enable the synthesis of a wide range of materials.The ionic structure of molten salts and ionic liquids and the interactions that dictate their structure 9-13 are interesting issues in the context of the structure of the electrical double layer 14,15 in these media. Additionally, it is important for synthesis, since they probably affect the crystal structure 16,17 and the shape 18,19 of the products. The structure of liquids is usually studied with molecular simulations 15,20,21 and with neutron and X-ray diffraction. 22-24 Here we employ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to study the electrical properties of molten alkali-halide binary-mixtures as function of temperature and to probe changes of order phenomena and interactions in molten salts. 25 This is feasible since electrical properties of molecular systems are highly sensitive to changes in collective phenomena, for example: intermolecular interactions, self-organization of molecules, microstructure and phase transitions. 15,26-29 Furthermore, interfacial phenomena in electrochemistry, such as: electrical double layers, surface films, adsorption and ionic organization close to the electrodes are frequency-related. 30-32 Those can be resolved with EIS that employ broad range of frequencies and with analysis of the relaxation times of their capacitive reactance. 29,33 In addition, the electrical response of a heterogeneous cell can vary substantially by the composition of the electrolyte, its microstructure and the interactions among the ionic species, 34 as demonstrated here. ExperimentalMaterials.-Alkali-chloride salts (anhydrous, 99%, Merck KGaA, Biolab LTD, Alfa Aesar and Sigma Aldrich) were dehydrated at 500 • C for 12 hours before the experiments and at 250 • C for few hours in the cell as part of the experiment heating program. LiCl was dehydrated at 250 • C for at least 12 hours before the experiments. 35Measurements.-The measurements were performed in alumina crucibles inside a glove box ...

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“…A double layer is the region of nonlinear transition between two plasmas at different potentials; well outside this region, the potential is effectively uniform [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. An asymmetric double layer refers actually to a localized region of three sheets of alternating charge sign, having an asymmetric potential jump profile and thus including sub-regions of oppositely directed electric fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been many theoretical and experimental investigations of double layers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], theoretical work has been limited to only numerical evaluations of the Vlasov-Poisson system (or of the fluid system) mainly because of the highly nonlinear properties of asymmetric double layers. Furthermore, the relation between double layers and solitary holes in a static magnetic field had not been studied to the author's knowledge despite a great number of works for the nonlinear solitons in the presence of a magnetic field [19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obliquely Propagating Monotonic Double Layers in a Magnetized Plasma

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

2004

Phys. Scr.

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A theoretical investigation is carried out for understanding the properties of obliquely propagating monotonic double layers in a magneto-plasma. By using Sagdeev’s pseudopotential method, we have found an obliquely propagating double layer solution and a relation between the amplitude, the inverse scale length and the obliqueness effects. Furthermore, we show that the monotonic double layers are nonlinear extensions of the solitary holes having negative trapping parameter in magnetized plasma.

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Atretic Cephalocele: Report of Two Cases

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Frequency and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Properties of PEDOT-VC Copolymer

Frequency and Temperature Effects on Dielectric Properties of PEDOT-VC Copolymer

Temperature-Dependent Impedance Spectroscopy of Molten Alkali-Halide Salt Binary Mixtures

Obliquely Propagating Monotonic Double Layers in a Magnetized Plasma

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