Atrazine effects on estuarine macrophytes <i>Spartina alterniflora</i> and <i>Juncus roemerianus</i>

Lytle, Julia S.; Lytle, Thomas F.

doi:10.1002/etc.5620171012

Cited by 23 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Studies have shown that atrazine can alter a whole series of physiological processes, especially decreasing the chlorophyll content and changing the chlorophyll composition (Lytle and Lytle 1998;Ralph 2000;Ferrat et al 2003). Given that inhibition of photo induced electron transport by atrazine resulted in chlorosis for plants lacking resistance, Lytle and Lytle (1998) proposed that chlorophyll concentration was considered as a sensitive physiological indicator for plant resistance against atrazine stress. In the present study, the decrease in Chla was in a dose-dependent manner in all tested plants and marked Chla/b decreases in A. calamus after 45 days of exposure, in L. salicaria after 30-day exposure were observed except 1-mg L −1 treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary factor for atrazine selectivity in resistant plant, Zea mays, is the activity of a soluble enzyme, glutathione S-transferase, which detoxifies atrazine by catalyzing the formation of an atrazineglutathione conjugate (GS-atrazine) (Shimabukuro et al 1971). POD activity and lipid peroxidation are also useful indicators of atrazine stress to plants reflecting its toxicity (Lytle and Lytle 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxicity assessment of atrazine on growth and physiology of three emergent plants

Wang

Que

Zheng

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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The emergent plants Acorus calamus, Lythrum salicaria, and Scirpus tabernaemontani were exposed to atrazine for 15, 30, 45, and 60 days in a hydroponic system. Effects were evaluated investigating plant growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, peroxidase (POD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Results showed that selected plants survived in culture solution with atrazine ≤8 mg L(-1), but relative growth rates decreased significantly in the first 15-day exposure. Chla content decreased, but MDA increased with increasing atrazine concentration. S. tabernaemontani was the most insensitive species, followed by A. calamus and L.salicaria. The growth indicators exhibited significant changes in the early stage of atrazine exposure; subsequently, the negative impacts weakened and disappeared. Plant growth may be more representative of emergent plant fitness than physiological endpoints in toxicity assessment of herbicides to emergent plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotoxicity assessment of atrazine on growth and physiology of three emergent plants

Wang

Que

Zheng

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Salt marshes and estuarine drainage basins are repositories of toxic compounds originating from agricultural runoff. Atrazine is a chlorinated herbicide that significantly inhibits chlorophyll production of J. roemerianus at concentrations as low as 3.8 mg/L (Lytle and Lytle, 1998).…”

Section: Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of Coastal Mid- and High Marshes: Juncus roemerianus Scheele

Stalter,

Lonard

2023

Journal of Coastal Research

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Juncus roemerianus Scheele, black needlerush, is a rhizomatous salt marsh species that often forms dense monotypic stands in the mid-and high marshes along the mid-to SE Atlantic coastline and southward to the upper Texas coast in the United States. A dense rhizome complex allows this taxon to reproduce asexually and to exclude potential competitors. Juncus roemerianus has numerous ecosystem functions, including carbon sequestration, control of erosion, protection from storm surges, and as a nursery for numerous marine organisms. This species tolerates a range of salinity generally less than 5.0 ppt to as high as 35 ppt in a few marshes. Juncus roemerianus is noted for its high levels of productivity in below-and aboveground biomass values. Black needlerush is highly sensitive to oil pollution, much more so than its closest associate in the salt marsh community Sporoblus alterniflorus. Juncus roemerianus plays an important role in revegetating disturbed marshes and has a potential role for preventing the re-invasion of Phragmites australis in newly created marshes.

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The effectiveness of management interventions for the control of Spartina species: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Roberts

Pullin

2007

Aquatic Conservation

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ABSTRACT1. Spartina species (cordgrasses) have been introduced to the estuaries around Europe, USA, Australia, New Zealand and Asia as a coastal management tool to stabilise mud banks, and through accidental introductions. These mainly non-native species are highly aggressive in their new environment, and frequently become the dominant plant species, displacing native flora and fauna.2. The majority of organisations managing estuarine environments within the USA and UK have established integrated control programmes to eradicate Spartina spp. These plans can be expensive to deliver and take many years. For example, the Willapa Bay, WA control programme in 2003 had been implemented for over 3 years, but with an annual cost of approximate $2 m year À1 ($£1.2 m year À1 ). 3. Through the use of the systematic review process and meta-analysis, the effectiveness of management interventions (chemical, mechanical and biological) used to control or eradicate invasive Spartina spp. were investigated.4. The effectiveness of glyphosate and imazapyr herbicides at reducing S. alterniflora differ greatly depending upon application method and whether surfactant or wetting agents are used. Cutting combined with smothering is highly effective at reducing S. anglica densities, but its efficacy has not been established for other Spartina spp. Cutting alone increases densities of S. anglica and S. townsendii, while reducing S. alterniflora densities. Biological control, while in its infancy, has the potential to significantly reduce S. anglica densities, while against S. alterniflora it might be of benefit as part of an integrated programme.5. The results highlight the need to establish targeted control programmes, dependent upon the Spartina spp., the underlying site characteristics and the available budget. Where the evidence base is limited or absent, recommendations of further experiments are presented, including a call for improved reporting of site characteristics and experimental methodology, allowing managers to establish whether trial results are applicable to their own sites and therefore limiting the implementation of ineffective management interventions.

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Atrazine effects on estuarine macrophytes Spartina alterniflora and Juncus roemerianus

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Phytotoxicity assessment of atrazine on growth and physiology of three emergent plants

Phytotoxicity assessment of atrazine on growth and physiology of three emergent plants

Biological Flora of Coastal Mid- and High Marshes: Juncus roemerianus Scheele

The effectiveness of management interventions for the control of Spartina species: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

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