Atrazine and Water Quality: An Evaluation of Alternative Policy Options

Lakshminarayan, P. G.; Bouzaher, Aziz; Shogren, Jason F.

doi:10.1006/jema.1996.0067

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The magnitude of these annual economic benefits from triazine herbicides, $US 2.9–3.4 × 10 9 , are generally greater than for previous studies that also used AGSIM. For example, studies using the CEEPES modeling system relied on AGSIM for their market‐level estimate of net benefits from triazine herbicides, with the resulting estimates in the range from $US 0.95 × 10 9 to almost $US 1.00 × 10 9 . The last comprehensive study using AGSIM that is comparable with this assessment found annual benefits ranging from around $US 1.2 × 10 9 to 1.3 × 10 9 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Market‐level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine in the United States

Mitchell

2014

Pest. Manag. Sci.

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BACKGROUNDAtrazine and other triazine herbicides are widely used in US maize and sorghum production, yet the most recent market-level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine is for market conditions prevalent in the early 1990s, before commercialization of transgenic crops. Grain markets have changed substantially since that time; for example, the size of the US maize market increased by 170% from 1990–1992 to 2007–2009. This paper reports a current assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine.RESULTSYield increases and cost changes implied by triazine herbicides are projected to reduce maize prices by 7–8% and sorghum prices by 19–20%. Projected consumer benefits from lower prices range from $US 3.6 to 4.4 × 109 annually, with the net projected economic benefit for triazine herbicides to the US economy ranging from $US 2.9 to 3.4 × 109 annually because lower prices imply reduced producer income. Productivity gains from triazine herbicides maintain an estimated 270 000–390 000 ha of land in non-crop uses that generate environmental benefits not accounted for in this analysis.CONCLUSIONEven in the current era, with transgenic varieties dominating crop production, atrazine and the other triazine herbicides continue to be a key part of maize and sorghum production and generate substantial economic benefits. © 2013 The Authors. PestManagement Science published by JohnWiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Market‐level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine in the United States

Mitchell

2014

Pest. Manag. Sci.

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“…ha −1 (Anonymous 2016). These instructions should not be violated to reduce the risk of atrazine contamination in waterbodies and drinking water (Lakshminarayan et al 1996) and to reduce the chances of atrazine carryover to sensitive crops in subsequent years (Brecke et al 1981). The herbicide label also notes that the premix rate can vary depending on the soil texture and organic matter: for example, the maximum premix of 2400 g a.i.…”

Section: Datmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of glyphosate-resistant horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.] to a premix of atrazine, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor

Sarangi

Jhala

2017

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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A premix of atrazine, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor has recently been commercialized for pre-emergence (PRE) and early post-emergence (POST) control of broadleaved and annual grass weeds in corn in the United States. Field and greenhouse dose-response bioassays were conducted in 2015 and 2016 to evaluate the response of glyphosate-resistant (GR) horseweed to this premix applied before or after emergence (PRE or POST). In a field PRE study, the 90% effective doses (ED 90) were 2613 and 2863 g a.i. ha −1 at 14 and 35 d after treatment (DAT), respectively, which were comparable to the labeled rate (2900 g a.i. ha −1) of the premix. Under greenhouse conditions, POST applications made at the labeled rate to 8-10 or 15-18 cm diameter horseweed rosettes provided ≥97% control. The ED 90 values for the in-field POST dose-response study were ≥3431 and ≥6717 g a.i. ha −1 for the 8-10 and 15-18 cm tall GR horseweed, respectively. At 14 DAT, the premix applied at the labeled rate provided 85% and 68% control of 8-10 and 15-18 cm tall GR horseweed, respectively. The root mean square error for the log-logistic model ranged from 4.2 to 9.2 and the model efficiency coefficient values were ≥0.94 (≈ 1.00), indicating a good fit for the prediction model. In conclusion, a new premix applied before emergence (PRE) will effectively control GR horseweed at the labeled rate compared with POST applications made to ≥8 cm tall plants.

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“…5 Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are widespread contaminants throughout the environment arising mainly from anthropogenic sources such as the combustion from fossil fuels and the direct release of oil and oil products. These widespread environmental contaminants have been intensively studied owing to their mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.…”

Section: 3 293mentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water from Paraíba do Sul River, Brazil

Azevedo¹,

Gerchon²,

Reis³

2004

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Estudou-se a qualidade da água do Rio Paraíba do Sul através da determinação das concentrações de alguns poluentes orgânicos prioritários, a saber, hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs) e pesticidas. The Paraíba do Sul River, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, was studied for its water quality, by determining the levels of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pesticides from six sites in two cities, Resende and Campos dos Goytacazes, as they have industrial and agricultural activities. This study was carried out between July 2001 and March 2002. The method involved 200 mL samples taken by off-line, solid phase extraction by OASIS polymeric cartridges followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Recoveries and standard deviation of pesticides in non polluted real water sample spiked with a standard mixture were 82-119% and less then 20%. For PAH, recoveries and standard deviation were 56-78% and less then 18%, respectively, with exception to acenaphthylene, 23% and 2.7%. Atrazine was detected in the average concentration of 0.231 µg L -1 in two sites in Campos dos Goytacazes, near the sugar-cane power plants and plantations area, while no detection was observed in Resende. Irgarol was observed in Campos dos Goytacazes downtown at 0.138 µg L -1 , an area of small boating activities. Benzo [a]pyrene was detected at 0.255 µg L -1 in Resende, near the Presidente Dutra highway. PAHs were not detected in the water samples from Campos dos Goytacazes.

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Atrazine and Water Quality: An Evaluation of Alternative Policy Options

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Market‐level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine in the United States

Market‐level assessment of the economic benefits of atrazine in the United States

Response of glyphosate-resistant horseweed [Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq.] to a premix of atrazine, bicyclopyrone, mesotrione, and S-metolachlor

Monitoring of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water from Paraíba do Sul River, Brazil

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