ATP Release from Mast Cells by Physical Stimulation: A Putative Early Step in Activation of Acupuncture Points

Wang, Lina; Sikora, Jacek; Hu, Lei; Shen, Xueyong; Grygorczyk, Ryszard; Schwarz, Wolfgang

doi:10.1155/2013/350949

Cited by 44 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Importantly, these structural and genetic changes have been shown to occur in the vicinity of and distal to the needle insertion site [108]. In addition, mechanotransduction has been shown to cause ATP release from keratinocytes [93] fibroblasts [93] MCs [109] and other tissue types [93]. The extracellular ATP is quickly broken down into adenosine, mediating the reduction in pain and inflammation typically associated with DN.…”

Section: Dry Needling Mechanotransduction and Tissue Restructuringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms of Pain and Dry Needling Mediated Analgesia: A Clinical Resource Guide for Health Care Professionals

Butts¹,

Dunning²

2016

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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There are a number of biochemical, biomechanical, endocrinological and neurovascular mechanisms underpinning the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of dry needling (DN). While myofascial trigger points likely play a role in peripheral pain, a diagnostic tool for localizing them has not been validated, and DN studies that have targeted trigger points to elicit localized twitch responses have reported mixed results. Therefore, the mechanism responsible for DN-mediated analgesia may be more complicated. DN activates opioid-based pain reduction, mediated by endogenous cannabinoids and the sympathetic nervous system, and non-opioid pain relief via serotonin and norepinephrine from the brain stem. DN also triggers the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis centrally and the corticotropin releasing hormone-proopiomelanocortin-corticosteroid axis locally to inhibit cox-2, reducing inflammatory cytokines. Recent studies demonstrate that DN combined with mechanical and/or electrical stimulation may reverse PKC-mediated peripheral hyperalgesic priming by normalizing nociceptive channels, to include TRPV, ASIC, TTX and P2X/Y. Electrical DN (EDN) stimulates immune cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes to release CGRP and substance-P, altering the stimulation of TTX receptors to reverse hyperalgesia. It also encourages the supraoptic nucleus to release oxytocin to quiet ASIC receptors peripherally and stimulate opioid interneurons spinally. Moreover, EDN inhibits ERK1/2 kinase pathways of inflammation in the spinal cord and stimulates Aδ fibers and N/OFQ to reverse C-fiber mediated central changes. Mechanotransduction of fibroblasts and peripheral nerves via TRPV1 and P2X/Y-mediated intracellular Ca 2+ wave propagation and subsequent activation of the nucleus accumbens inhibits spinal pain transmission via glycinergic and opioidergic interneurons. The increased ATP is metabolized to adenosine, which activates P1 purinergic receptors, events considered key to DN analgesia and rho kinase-based tissue remodeling. Mechanotransduction-mediated release of histamine further explains analgesia secondary to needling points distal to pain. DN-mediated analgesia is dependent on a number of synergistic physiologic events involving biochemical and mechanical processes in neural, connective and muscle tissue.

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Section: Dry Needling Mechanotransduction and Tissue Restructuringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms of Pain and Dry Needling Mediated Analgesia: A Clinical Resource Guide for Health Care Professionals

Butts¹,

Dunning²

2016

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several lines of evidence demonstrated that extracellular ATP activates mast cells via the purinoreceptor P2X7 (Kurashima et al, 2012(Kurashima et al, , 2014Sudo et al, 1996). In addition, several types of cells including mast cells release ATP upon stimulation (Junger, 2011;Wang et al, 2013). Thus, extracellular ATP modulates mast cell activity in an autocrine manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Ectoenzyme E-NPP3 Negatively Regulates ATP-Dependent Chronic Allergic Responses by Basophils and Mast Cells

et al. 2015

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Crosslinking of the immunoglobulin receptor FcεRI activates basophils and mast cells to induce immediate and chronic allergic inflammation. However, it remains unclear how the chronic allergic inflammation is regulated. Here, we showed that ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase-phosphodiesterase 3 (E-NPP3), also known as CD203c, rapidly induced by FcεRI crosslinking, negatively regulated chronic allergic inflammation. Basophil and mast cell numbers increased in Enpp3(-/-) mice with augmented serum ATP concentrations. Enpp3(-/-) mice were highly sensitive to chronic allergic pathologies, which was reduced by ATP blockade. FcεRI crosslinking induced ATP secretion from basophils and mast cells, and ATP activated both cells. ATP clearance was impaired in Enpp3(-/-) cells. Enpp3(-/-)P2rx7(-/-) mice showed decreased responses to FcεRI crosslinking. Thus, ATP released by FcεRI crosslinking stimulates basophils and mast cells for further activation causing allergic inflammation. E-NPP3 decreases ATP concentration and suppresses basophil and mast cell activity.

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“…One is that mechanical stimulation was used to mimic acupuncture stimulation. These mechanical stimulations include mechanical stress stimulation (such as hypotonic swelling, shear stress or pressure stretch), an acoustic shear wave stimulation, red light stimulation and temperature stimulation . Another is that acupuncture‐regulated proteins were directly applied to evaluate the acupuncture‐regulated protein function in vitro .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These mechanical stimulations include mechanical stress stimulation (such as hypotonic swelling, shear stress or pressure stretch), an acoustic shear wave stimulation, red light stimulation and temperature stimulation. [32][33][34] Another is that acupuncture-regulated proteins were directly applied to evaluate the acupuncture-regulated protein function in vitro. 35 We trust that there are enough rationales for our hypothesis that adenosine could be applied as an in vitro probe in acupuncture studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenosine as a probing tool for the mechanistic study of acupuncture treatment

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2014

Clin Exp Pharma Physio

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To date, acupuncture has been widely used despite a lack of solid clinical evidence in the East and West. However, there are few validated in vitro models for the mechanistic studies of acupuncture. We hypothesized that adenosine could be used as a probing tool in the mechanistic studies of acupuncture because of its critical role in the action of acupuncture. Subsequently, we tested this hypothesis using both in vitro and in vivo experiments. First, we found that adenosine stimulation mimicked the effect of acupuncture on microRNA profiling (including miR-339, miR-145 and miR-451) and protein level (including Sirt2) in nerve growth factor-induced differentiated PC12 cells. These miRNA and proteins have been found to be regulated by acupuncture treatment in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Next, we found that adenosine stimulation downregulated miR-339 expression through adenosine A1 receptor-mediated pathway. Finally, we showed that the concentration of adenosine was actually decreased in the brain of spontaneously hypertensive rats after acupuncture treatment at Taichong acupoint. Taken together, these findings suggest that adenosine could be used as a useful probing tool for acupuncture mechanistic studies, while more validation studies are certainly warranted.

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ATP Release from Mast Cells by Physical Stimulation: A Putative Early Step in Activation of Acupuncture Points

Cited by 44 publications

References 28 publications

Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms of Pain and Dry Needling Mediated Analgesia: A Clinical Resource Guide for Health Care Professionals

Peripheral and Spinal Mechanisms of Pain and Dry Needling Mediated Analgesia: A Clinical Resource Guide for Health Care Professionals

The Ectoenzyme E-NPP3 Negatively Regulates ATP-Dependent Chronic Allergic Responses by Basophils and Mast Cells

Adenosine as a probing tool for the mechanistic study of acupuncture treatment

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