ATP-dependent potassium channel mediates neuroprotection by chemical preconditioning with 3-nitropropionic acid in gerbil hippocampus

Opening of Mitochondrial ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channels Is a Trigger of 3-Nitropropionic Acid–Induced Tolerance to Transient Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

“…3 Previously, glibenclamide has been reported to eliminate the 3-NPA-induced hyperpolarization of the cultured neuronal cells 16 or prolongation of hypoxic depolarization in hippocampal slices. 24 These findings agree with our results that glibenclamide abolishes the reduction of the infarct area after 3-NPA pretreatment. Therefore, like ischemic preconditioning, potassium channel activation is thought to play a key role in chemical preconditioning.…”

The role of peroxynitrite in chemical preconditioning with 3-nitropropionic acid in rat hearts

“…Nevertheless, our present results do not clarify the exact cellular mechanisms of 3-NP-induced chemical preconditioning. Besides ONOO À , ATP-sensitive potassium channels and altered mitochondrial function may play a role in the chemical preconditioning induced by 3-NP [10,28,29]. Furthermore, the mechanism by which 3-NP leads to decreased activities of XOR and NADH oxidase needs further studies.…”

Chemical preconditioning effect of 3-nitropropionic acid in anesthetized rat heart

“…In the literature, the mechanism(s) responsible for the beneficial effects of 3-NP is not well documented and it seems that there may be more than a single mechanism involved, such as changes in the generation of free radicals, anti-apoptotic protein expression, suppression of succinate-dehydrogenase enzyme oxidation, K ATP channel activation, or adenosine receptor upregulation (Riepe et al, 1992Blasig et al, 1996;Nakagawa et al, 2002). Chemical preconditioning resulted in decreased generation of superoxide radicals after administration of 3-NP in the hippocampus (Riepe and Ludolph, 1997).…”