Atopic dermatitisReview of comorbidities and therapeutics

Trends in Dermocosmetics Use among the Albanian Population during the Period 2019-2020

“…Atopic dermatitis is a common multifactorial skin disease and recently there have been efforts to develop new therapeutic agents, that could improve life quality and contribute to better managing the global diffusion of this type of skin disorder [22,23]. Market data forecast reports that the global atopic dermatitis market size value for 2022 is 11.77 billion dollars and an increased growth rate in this market is expected [16].…”

The Combination of Dupilumab with Other Monoclonal Antibodies

“…AD has been associated with atopic (asthma, allergic rhinitis) and non-atopic comorbidities including cutaneous and extra-cutaneous infections, mental health disorders (depression, anxiety, sleep disturbance), and autoimmune diseases (alopecia areata, intestinal bowel diseases) that could require concomitant administration of targeted pharmacotherapy including monoclonal antibodies [ 3 , 4 ]. However, the safety of combining dupilumab with other monoclonal antibodies for different therapeutic indication may be debated.…”

Dermatologic Disease-Directed Targeted Therapy (D3T2): The Application of Biomarker-Based Precision Medicine for the Personalized Treatment of Skin Conditions—Precision Dermatology

“…In atopic individuals, in addition to elevated immunoglobulin E and eosinophilic responses, the Th2 cytokines IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 have a pathogenic role; also, IL-31 participates in dermatitis-associated pruritus. Non-immunologic components in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis include epidermal barrier dysfunction secondary to filaggrin deficiency and skin microbiome alterations [27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

“…Dupilumab is another systemic therapy for atopic dermatitis; it binds to the IL-4 receptor alpha, inhibiting IL-4 and IL-13 signaling; in addition, drugs targeting IL-13 have either recently been approved (tralokinumab) or are being evaluated in clinical trials (lebrikizumab). Finally, oral JAK inhibitors (abrocitinib and upadacitinib) are approved for atopic dermatitis treatment in the United States [27][28][29][30]33].…”