Atomistic Defect Makes a Phase Plate for the Generation and High-Angular Splitting of Electron Vortex Beams

Zhong, Xiaoyan; Lin, Jie; Kao, ShowShiuan; Liao, Zhenyu; Zhu, Jing; Huang, Xiaojing; Zhang, Rui; Xin, Huolin L.

doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b07437

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In the Conclusion, we discuss our final experimental proposal for the detection of the quadrupole (non-paraxial) contribution to the Smith-Purcell radiation. Our method is compatible both with moderate OAM values of ∼ 10 (see also [22][23][24]) and large aspect ratio of Gaussian wave packets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The passage of a vortex electron over an inclined grating

Pupasov-Maksimov,

Karlovets

2021

Preprint

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We study Smith-Purcell radiation from a conducting grating generated by an inclined passage of a shaped electron wave packet with an electric quadrupole moment in the non-paraxial regime.Spreading of an asymmetric wave packet induces quadrupole corrections to the radiation field.Although the non-paraxial corrections stay small, they are dynamically enhanced during the interaction of the electron with the grating whose length exceeds the Rayleigh length of the packet.To simplify the possible experimental setup where such effects could be measured, we study the dependence of these effects on the inclination angle, i.e. the angle between the mean velocity of the packet and the surface of the grating. There is a minimal angle such that the multipole expansion always stays valid at the grating surface. In such a regime, the quadrupole contribution to the Smith-Purcell radiation can become the leading one, which represents a novel quantum effect impossible for classical point-like electrons. Thus, the impact of the wave-packet shape (vortex structure or non-spherical shape) can be observed experimentally by comparing the radiation for different orientations of the grating in the single-electron regime.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 55%

The passage of a vortex electron over an inclined grating

Pupasov-Maksimov,

Karlovets

2021

Preprint

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“…For the currently achieved OAM values of ∼ 1000 [19] (see also [20][21][22]), contributions from both the magnetic moment and the electric quadrupole moment can be, in principle, detected as discussed in the Conclusion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Smith-Purcell radiation of a vortex electron

Pupasov-Maksimov,

Karlovets

2021

Preprint

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A wide variety of emission processes by electron wave packets with an orbital angular momentum , called the vortex electrons, can be influenced by a nonparaxial contribution due to their intrinsic electric quadrupole moment. We study Smith-Purcell radiation from a conducting grating generated by a vortex electron, described as a generalized Laguerre-Gaussian packet, which has an intrinsic magnetic dipole moment and an electric quadrupole moment. By using a multipole expansion of the electromagnetic field of such an electron, we employ a generalized surface-current method, applicable for a wide range of parameters. The radiated energy contains contributions from the charge, from the magnetic moment, and from the electric quadrupole moment, as well as from their interference. The quadrupole contribution grows as the packet spreads while propagating, and it is enhanced for large . In contrast to the linear growth of the radiation intensity from the charge with a number of strips N , the quadrupole contribution reveals an N 3 dependence, which puts a limit on the maximal grating length for which the radiation losses stay small. We study spectral-angular distributions of the Smith-Purcell radiation both analytically and numerically and demonstrate that the electron's vorticity can give rise to detectable effects for non-relativistic and moderately relativistic electrons. On a practical side, preparing the incoming electron's state in a form of a non-Gaussian packet with a quadrupole moment -such as the vortex electron, an Airy beam, a Schrödinger cat state, and so on -one can achieve quantum enhancement of the radiation power compared to the classical linear regime. Such an enhancement would be a hallmark of a previously unexplored quantum regime of radiation, in which non-Gaussianity of the packet influences the radiation properties much stronger than the quantum recoil.

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“…As a research hotspot in recent years, the application of nanomaterials in biomedicine [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], information transmission [ 4 , 5 , 6 ], and other fields is becoming more and more extensive. Among various types of nanomaterials, the nanomaterials formed by self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolymers show brilliant performance in tumor treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of NIR Light Controlled Micelles with Photothermal Conversion Property: Poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) as Hydrophilic Block and Ketocyanine Dye as NIR Photothermal Conversion Agent

Yao

et al. 2020

Polymers

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Polymeric nanomaterials made from amphiphilic block copolymers are increasingly used in the treatment of tumor tissues. In this work, we firstly synthesized the amphiphilic block copolymer PBnMA-b-P(BAPMA-co-PEGMA) via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using benzyl methacrylate (BnMA), poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMA), and 3-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propyl methacrylate (BAPMA) as the monomers. Subsequently, PBnMA-b-P(APMA-co-PEGMA)@NIR 800 with photothermal conversion property was obtained by deprotection of the tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) groups of PBAPMA chains with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and post-modification with carboxyl functionalized ketocyanine dye (NIR 800), and it could self-assemble into micelles in CH3OH/water mixed solvent. The NIR photothermal conversion property of the post-modified micelles were investigated. Under irradiation with NIR light (λmax = 810 nm, 0.028 W/cm2) for 1 h, the temperature of the modified micelles aqueous solution increased to 53 °C from 20 °C, which showed the excellent NIR photothermal conversion property.

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Atomistic Defect Makes a Phase Plate for the Generation and High-Angular Splitting of Electron Vortex Beams

Cited by 5 publications

References 31 publications

The passage of a vortex electron over an inclined grating

The passage of a vortex electron over an inclined grating

Smith-Purcell radiation of a vortex electron

Construction of NIR Light Controlled Micelles with Photothermal Conversion Property: Poly(poly(ethylene glycol)methyl ether methacrylate) (PPEGMA) as Hydrophilic Block and Ketocyanine Dye as NIR Photothermal Conversion Agent

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