Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: synthesis, characterization, reaction mechanisms and electrochemical energy applications

Liu, Minmin; Wang, Linlin; Zhao, Kangning; Shi, Shanshan; Shao, Qinsi; Zhang, Lei; Sun, Xueliang; Zhao, Yufeng; Zhang, Jiujun

doi:10.1039/c9ee01722d

Cited by 348 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 277 publications

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“…[5][6] In the last few decades, intensive research effort have been focused on finding alternatives with low cost, comparable activity and enhanced durability. [7][8][9][10][11] Among them, a new class of heteroatom-doping carbon-based catalysts has been welldeveloped. [12] To create active sites for oxygen intermediate chemisorption and further bond breaking, heteroatom doping, an effective and accessible strategy, modifies electronic and structural properties of carbons under mild conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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Explore cost‐effective and efficient carbon‐based electrocatalysts toward oxygen reduction reaction is highly desired to replace high‐cost platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts. Herein we synthesized a N, P co‐doped carbon foam by direct blowing of glucose in the presence of phytic acid (blowing catalyst) and urea (self‐sacrificing template). This template‐free one‐step approach achieved high surface heteroatom content of N (5 at.%) and P (2.33 at.%), large surface area (1026 m2 g−1) and high ID/IG ratio. It was found that the edges‐rich activated carbon scaffold as well as the active N‐sites work synthetically to guarantee its efficient ORR performance with the half‐wave potential of 0.84 VRHE. Besides, the well‐balanced porous structure facilitates its practical application as an air cathode in zinc‐air cell, reaching power density of 145 mW cm−2 at the current density of 169 mA cm−2.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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“…The nature of the optimized adsorptions originates from the modulated electronic structures of the catalysts. In addition, the construction of catalytic materials into hierarchically three‐dimensional morphologies,36,72 the incorporation of supports with high specific surface areas,27,67 and the preparation of small nanoclusters and single‐atom catalysts65 are effective strategies to efficiently expose the active sites. 3)Although numerous non‐noble‐metal‐based OER electrocatalysts have been developed via diverse methods in the past decades, there is still a long way to go to realize the mass commercialization of OER electrocatalysts in practical devices. Exploring new materials as idea non‐noble‐metal‐based OER electrocatalysts is the most essential focus in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NiFe alloy catalyst with the hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) phase exhibits an ultralow overpotential of 226 mV to drive a current density of 10 mA cm –2 for the OER. Besides the studies of small earth‐abundant metal NPs, to maximize the atomic efficiency and improve the catalytic activity of the electrocatalysts, scientists have been focusing on exploring rooms in nanoclusters and single‐atom catalysts 65,66. Recently, Zhang et al highlighted an efficient OER electrocatalyst with atomically distributed Ni sites on the N‐doped hollow carbon matrix (HCM@Ni‐N) 17.…”

Section: Classification Of the Non‐noble‐metal‐based Oer Electrocatalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Noble‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Zang

et al. 2020

Adv Funct Materials

895

551

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The development of low-cost, high-efficiency, and robust electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgently needed to address the energy crisis. In recent years, non-noble-metal-based OER electrocatalysts have attracted tremendous research attention. Beginning with the introduction of some evaluation criteria for the OER, the current OER electrocatalysts are reviewed, with the classification of metals/alloys, oxides, hydroxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, phosphates/borates, and other compounds, along with their advantages and shortcomings. The current knowledge of the reaction mechanisms and practical applications of the OER is also summarized for developing more efficient OER electrocatalysts. Finally, the current states, challenges, and some perspectives for non-noble-metal-based OER electrocatalysts are discussed.

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“…[ 108 ] These materials, usually denoted as M‐N‐C, have been extensively studied as an alternative for Pt‐based catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). [ 109–112 ]…”

Section: Heterogeneous Single‐atom Catalysts For Co2rr To Co Productmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterogeneous Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction Reaction

et al. 2020

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The electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is of great importance to tackle the rising CO2 concentration in the atmosphere. The CO2RR can be driven by renewable energy sources, producing precious chemicals and fuels, with the implementation of this process largely relying on the development of low‐cost and efficient electrocatalysts. Recently, a range of heterogeneous and potentially low‐cost single‐atom catalysts (SACs) containing non‐precious metals coordinated to earth‐abundant elements have emerged as promising candidates for the CO2RR. Unfortunately, the real catalytically active centers and the key factors that govern the catalytic performance of these SACs remain ambiguous. Here, this ambiguity is addressed by developing a fundamental understanding of the CO2RR‐to‐CO process on SACs, as CO accounts for the major product from CO2RR on SACs. The reaction mechanism, the rate‐determining steps, and the key factors that control the activity and selectivity are analyzed from both experimental and theoretical studies. Then, the synthesis, characterization, and the CO2RR performance of SACs are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future pathways are highlighted in the hope of guiding the design of the SACs to promote and understand the CO2RR on SACs.

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Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: synthesis, characterization, reaction mechanisms and electrochemical energy applications

Abstract: Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, including their synthesis, characterization, reaction mechanisms and electrochemical energy application, are reviewed.

Cited by 348 publications

References 277 publications

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Non‐Noble‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Heterogeneous Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction Reaction

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Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction: synthesis, characterization, reaction mechanisms and electrochemical energy applications

Abstract: Atomically dispersed metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, including their synthesis, characterization, reaction mechanisms and electrochemical energy application, are reviewed.

Cited by 348 publications

References 277 publications

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

A Defect‐rich N, P Co‐doped Carbon Foam as Efficient Electrocatalyst toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Non‐Noble‐Metal‐Based Electrocatalysts toward the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

Heterogeneous Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Reaction

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Product

Resources

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Heterogeneous Single‐Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction Reaction