Atomic spectrometry update. Elemental speciation

Harrington, Chris F.; Clough, Robert; Hansen, Hanna E.; Hill, Steve J.; Tyson, Julian F.

doi:10.1039/c005437m

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 235 publications

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“…With the advent and commercialization of the inductive coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICPMS), hyphenated techniques coupling High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC) are routinely used to separate and quantify metalloid species such as those formed by arsenic, selenium and mercury. Speciation analysis of arsenic, selenium and mercury in food and biological samples is widely documented including a number of reviews [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, nearly all these reviews concentrate on HPLC separations and only report sample extraction techniques in passing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Maher

Krikowa

Ellwood

et al. 2012

Microchemical Journal

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Maher

Krikowa

Ellwood

et al. 2012

Microchemical Journal

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“…The definition, philosophy, methods and novel aspects of speciation have recently been addressed in a few review articles. [69][70][71] Speciation has been defined by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) as: ''Speciation analysis is the analytical activity of identifying and/or measuring the quantities of one or more individual chemical species in a sample; the chemical species are specific forms of an element defined as to isotopic composition, electronic or oxidation state, and/or complex or molecular structure; the speciation of an element is the distribution of an element amongst defined chemical species in a system.'' 72 The most important tool for speciation studies is the use of a separation and/or a fractionation technique.…”

Section: Speciation Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Jakubowski

Horsky

Roos

et al. 2014

Sector Field Mass Spectrometry for Elemental and Isotopic Analysis

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ICP-MS is based on the formation of (preferentially monovalent positively) charged atomic ions in an inductively coupled Ar plasma at almost 10 000 K. The ions formed are transferred from the plasma source at ambient pressure into a mass separator operated at high vacuum via a set of cones. The ions are separated according to their mass/charge ratio in the mass separator (quadrupole, magnetic sector field or time-of-flight mass separator). In most cases, the ions are detected using a secondary electron multiplier; in some set-ups (also) a Faraday cup can be used. Single-collector (scanning mass spectrometer usually used for quantitative elemental analysis) or multicollector (static operation of mass spectrometer for precise isotope ratio analysis) configurations can be found (Figures 12.1 and 12.2).

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“…Photo-catalytic performance evaluation reactions for the degradation of DB were carried in a custommade photo-reactor, which used 10 W of UV light and 10 W of°uorescent lamp and controlled it at around 25 C. 9 Prior to UV irradiation, adsorptiondesorption equilibrium was attained by stirring the freshly prepared suspension (composed of 30 mg catalysts in 100 mL of 0.1 mmol/L DB) in the dark for 30 min. The pH was adjusted by using 0.2 mol/L HCl.…”

Section: Photocatalytic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Tunable Oxygen Defects in TiO₂ Nanoflower and Its Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of Organic Waste

Zhang

Ali

Zhang

2020

NANO

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Oxygen defects of nanoflower TiO2 photo-catalyst was fabricated at the presence of hydrogen at different temperatures (100–600∘C) and the concentrations of oxygen defects were firstly quantitatively analyzed by hydrogen programmed temperature reduction techniques (H2-TPR). Total oxygen defect concentration and surface oxygen defect concentration were consistent with XPS and EPR results, respectively. Even at the hydrogen thermal temperature of 600∘C, the shape of TiO2 was still kept as nanoflower structure as characterized by SEM. However, the rutile and anatase coexist in the composition of crystal phase when hydrogen reduction temperature of the TiO2 catalyst reached 400∘C to 600∘C as proved by Raman and XRD results. TiO2 sample with oxygen defects shows excellent photo-catalytic activity for degradation of Direct Blue 78(DB) regardless of ultraviolet light (the maximum degradation rate achieved within 100[Formula: see text]min was 93.27%) or visible light (the maximum degradation rate achieved within 100[Formula: see text]min was 88.25%). The photo-catalytic activity seems to be highly correlated with the surface oxygen defects of TiO2 catalyst. With surface oxygen-defect concentrations increase, the degradation ability on DB was significantly enhanced, while bulk oxygen defects had negligible effect on the photo-catalytic activity. The enhanced photo-catalytic performance of TiO2 with a fixed amount of oxygen defects was attributed to the strong capturing capability of the photo-generated electrons. In addition, the surface defects could also improve the photo-catalytic reaction efficiency.

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Atomic spectrometry update. Elemental speciation

Cited by 25 publications

References 235 publications

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Correlation Between Tunable Oxygen Defects in TiO₂ Nanoflower and Its Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of Organic Waste

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Atomic spectrometry update. Elemental speciation

Cited by 25 publications

References 235 publications

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Overview of hyphenated techniques using an ICP-MS detector with an emphasis on extraction techniques for measurement of metalloids by HPLC–ICPMS

Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

Correlation Between Tunable Oxygen Defects in TiO2 Nanoflower and Its Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of Organic Waste

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Product

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Correlation Between Tunable Oxygen Defects in TiO₂ Nanoflower and Its Photocatalytic Performance for the Degradation of Organic Waste