Atomic Quantum Simulation of Dynamical Gauge Fields Coupled to Fermionic Matter: From String Breaking to Evolution after a Quench

Banerjee, Debasish; Dalmonte, Marcello; Müller, Markus; Rico, E.; Stebler, Pascal; Wiese, U.‐J.; Zoller, P.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.109.175302

Cited by 336 publications

(384 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…c) Dynamical string breaking in real time τ (in units of the hopping parameter t): the string's energy is converted into the mass of a dynamically created charge-anti-charge pair. In this process, the large negative electric flux E of the string quickly relaxes to its vacuum value [70].…”

Section: Analog Quantum Simulators For U (1) Gauge Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [70] a Bose-Fermi mixture was proposed to quantum simulate U(1) quantum links, embodied by 2S bosons per link, coupled to dynamical staggered fermions. While the construction works in any dimension, it is particularly simple in 1-d, where it uses the 3-strand optical superlattice illustrated in Figure 3a.…”

Section: Analog Quantum Simulators For U (1) Gauge Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, due to a severe sign problem, the deep interior of neutron stars, which may contain color superconducting quark matter [60,61] can currently not be addressed nonperturbatively from QCD first principles either. While it is difficult to predict when full QCD quantum simulations with cold atoms might become experimentally feasible, it is timely to work towards this long-term goal [62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

2013

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Abelian and non-Abelian gauge theories are of central importance in many areas of physics. In condensed matter physics, Abelian U(1) lattice gauge theories arise in the description of certain quantum spin liquids. In quantum information theory, Kitaev's toric code is a Z(2) lattice gauge theory. In particle physics, Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), the non-Abelian SU(3) gauge theory of the strong interactions between quarks and gluons, is nonperturbatively regularized on a lattice. Quantum link models extend the concept of lattice gauge theories beyond the Wilson formulation, and are well suited for both digital and analog quantum simulation using ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices. Since quantum simulators do not suffer from the notorious sign problem, they open the door to studies of the real-time evolution of strongly coupled quantum systems, which are impossible with classical simulation methods. A plethora of interesting lattice gauge theories suggests itself for quantum simulation, which should allow us to address very challenging problems, ranging from confinement and deconfinement, or chiral symmetry breaking and its restoration at finite baryon density, to color superconductivity and the real-time evolution of heavy-ion collisions, first in simpler model gauge theories and ultimately in QCD.

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Section: Analog Quantum Simulators For U (1) Gauge Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analog Quantum Simulators For U (1) Gauge Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

2013

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“…Stimulated by the enormous progress made in experimental ultra-cold atomic systems, theoretical proposals have been made for quantum simulations of various physical systems and associated phenomena [2,3]. One such proposal is atomic quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories (LGTs) [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atomic quantum simulation of a three-dimensional U(1) gauge-Higgs model

et al. 2016

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In this paper, we study theoretically atomic quantum simulations of a U(1) gauge-Higgs model on a three-dimensional (3D) spatial lattice by using an extended Bose-Hubbard model with intersite repulsions on a 3D optical lattice. Here, the phase and density fluctuations of the boson variable on each site of the optical lattice describe the vector potential and the electric field on each link of the gauge-model lattice, respectively. The target gauge model is different from the standard Wilson-type U(1) gauge-Higgs model because it has plaquette and Higgs interactions with asymmetric couplings in the space-time directions. Nevertheless, the corresponding quantum simulation is still important as it provides us with a platform to study unexplored time-dependent phenomena characteristic of each phase in the general gauge-Higgs models. To determine the phase diagram of the gaugeHiggs model at zero temperature, we perform Monte-Carlo simulations of the corresponding 3+1-dimensional U(1) gauge-Higgs model, and obtain the confinement and Higgs phases. To investigate the dynamical properties of the gauge-Higgs model, we apply the Gross-Pitaevskii equations to the extended Bose-Hubbard model. We simulate the time-evolution of an electric flux that initially is put on a straight line connecting two external point charges. We also calculate the potential energy between this pair of charges and obtain the string tension in the confinement phase. Finally, we propose a feasible experimental setup for the atomic simulations of this quantum gauge-Higgs model on the 3D optical lattice. These results may serve as theoretical guides for future experiments.

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“…Recently, improved experimental techniques allowed for the acquisition of unprecedented single-atom resolved images and the coherent control of single spins [9,10], paving the way for the next generation of experiments. Novel and more challenging ideas have been proposed to exploit the potential of quantum simulators to study artificial gauge fields related to quantum Hall physics [11], the physics of complex quantum systems [12], and gauge theories [13]. The path towards new experiments of increasing complexity is conditional on the development of better and more precise experimental techniques to achieve increased control on the system under investigation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast closed-loop optimal control of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice

et al. 2013

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We present experimental evidence of the successful closed-loop optimization of the dynamics of cold atoms in an optical lattice. We optimize the loading of an ultracold atomic gas minimizing the excitations in an array of one-dimensional (1D) tubes (3D-1D crossover) and we perform an optimal crossing of the quantum phase-transition from a superfluid to a Mott insulator in a 3D lattice. In both cases we enhance the experiment performances with respect to those obtained via adiabatic dynamics, effectively speeding up the process by more than a factor three while improving the quality of the desired transformation.

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Atomic Quantum Simulation of Dynamical Gauge Fields Coupled to Fermionic Matter: From String Breaking to Evolution after a Quench

Cited by 336 publications

References 44 publications

Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

Ultracold quantum gases and lattice systems: quantum simulation of lattice gauge theories

Atomic quantum simulation of a three-dimensional U(1) gauge-Higgs model

Fast closed-loop optimal control of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice

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