Atomic force microscopy investigation of surface relief in individual phases of deformed duplex stainless steel

Thermal ageing on the deformation and fracture mechanisms of a duplex stainless steel by quasi in-situ tensile test under OM and SEM

“…It can also be noted that the mirror symmetrical slip lines (marked A) occur in the austenite in Fig. 4(b), which probably results from the twinning deformation by the slip of Shockley partial dislocation, or the kink deformation in austenite and or the direction change when the slip lines cross the twins embedded in austenite grains and the later has been reported by Serre et al [19]. With the elongation increase to 10% the glide bands or steps in the austenite become broader and higher, which result in the rough surface of the specimen.…”

“…Moreover, besides the mechanical properties, the microstructures in CDSSs greatly affect the plastic deformation behavior. The deformation mode and microstructure evolution in CDSSs have been investigated by some authors by means of various techniques, like SEM, TEM, EBSD and AFM, under tensile loading and the deformation mechanisms are related to the morphology, repartition and texture of each phase [14][15][16][17][18][19]. SEM in-situ observations indicate that slip lines occur in the austenite matrix at first and slip lines in ferrite can be caused by deformation in austenite or the bulk deformation of the ferrite itself [14].…”

“…Researches show that TAE occurs in Z3CN20-09M CDSSs after long term service [4][5][6][7][8]10,[18][19][20]. However, seldom papers focus on the influence of the long thermal ageing time on the deformation behavior and fracture mechanism of Z3CN20-09M CDSSs.…”

The effect of pre-deformation on corrosion resistance of the passive film formed on 2205 duplex stainless steel

“…The slip lines with different orientations were distributed homogeneously within all the austenite grains whereas only a few signs of plastic deformation were activated in ferrite grains in a high strain level [12]. It was found that the number of slip bands in both phases increased with the applied plastic strain for duplex stainless steel [13]. The above results imply that decreased closely packed plane g(111) deteriorates the corrosion resistance.…”

An Experimental Study on the Impact of Deoxidation Methods on the Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steels

“…In steels under high cycle fatigue (HCF) or very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) loading, crack initiation accounts for a significant portion of fatigue life . Extensive studies have been conducted investigating the fatigue mechanisms for various steels, including ferritic steels, austenitic steels, and duplex steels . For the bearing steels, Lu et al demonstrated three kinds of failure modes of a bearing steel during fatigue tests and attributed the scatter in fatigue life to the scatter in the inclusion size.…”