Atomic delay in helium, neon, argon and krypton

Palatchi, C.; Dahlström, Jan Marcus; Kheifets, Anatoli; Ivanov, Igor; Canaday, Daniel; Agostini, Pierre; DiMauro, Louis F.

doi:10.1088/0953-4075/47/24/245003

Cited by 107 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Sabbar et al (2015) performed streaking measurements of the relative delay between argon and neon in a photon energy region between 28 eV and 38 eV by using a gas mixture. RAB-BITT measurements for helium, neon, argon and krypton over a wider range of energies were also reported by Palatchi et al (2014). Measurements of the relative delays have the potential of higher accuracy as several error sources related to the absolute phase determination drop out.…”

Section: Time-resolved Photoionization Of Many-electron Atomsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…While the pulse duration of a typical few-cycle pulse is IR ≃ 5 fs (the period IR of an optical cycle for 800 nm radiation is IR = 2.7 fs), its oscillating field, controlled to within a small fraction of one radian, offers a convenient route to attosecond time resolution. The three different approaches utilized so far, linear momentum attosecond streaking with linearly polarized IR fields Drescher et al, 2001;Kienberger et al, 2004;Sansone et al, 2006;Cavalieri et al, 2007;Schultze et al, 2010;Sabbar et al, 2015), angular streaking ("attoclock"; Eckle et al, 2008a,b;Pfeiffer et al, 2011aPfeiffer et al, ,b, 2013 with circularly polarized IR fields, and the interferometric RABBIT technique (Paul et al, 2001;Toma and Muller, 2002;Mauritsson et al, 2005;Swoboda et al, 2010;Klünder et al, 2011;Guénot et al, 2012Guénot et al, , 2014Palatchi et al, 2014), have in common that the IR field probes the evolution during the emission, as implied by Eq. (2.18), without, however, necessarily performing a projective measurement which would lead to the "collapse of the wavepacket", i.e., to the reduction of the density operator.…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many of the results as well as difficulties apply to alternative protocols as well. The latter include the interferometric RAB-BIT technique (Paul et al, 2001;Véniard et al, 1996;Toma and Muller, 2002;Klünder et al, 2011;Guénot et al, 2012Guénot et al, , 2014Palatchi et al, 2014) for ionization by attosecond pulse trains (APT) and angular attosecond streaking by circularly polarized IR pulses (Eckle et al, 2008a,b;Pfeiffer et al, 2011aPfeiffer et al, ,b, 2013.…”

Section: Attosecond Streaking Of Photoemission a Streaking Princmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attosecond chronoscopy of photoemission

2015

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Recent advances in the generation of well characterized sub-femtosecond laser pulses have opened up unpredicted opportunities for the real-time observation of ultrafast electronic dynamics in matter. Such attosecond chronoscopy allows a novel look at a wide range of fundamental photophysical and photochemical processes in the time domain, including Auger and autoionization processes, photoemission from atoms, molecules, and surfaces, complementing conventional energy-domain spectroscopy. Attosecond chronoscopy raises fundamental conceptual and theoretical questions as which novel information becomes accessible and which dynamical processes can be controlled and steered. These questions are currently a matter of lively debate which we address in this review. We will focus on one prototypical case, the chronoscopy of the photoelectric effect by attosecond streaking. Is photoionization instantaneous or is there a finite response time of the electronic wavefunction to the photoabsorption event? Answers to this question turn out to be far more complex and multi-faceted than initially thought. They touch upon fundamental issues of time and time delay as observables in quantum theory. We review recent progress of our understanding of time-resolved photoemission from atoms, molecules, and solids. We will highlight the unresolved and open questions and we point to future directions aiming at the observation and control of electronic motion in more complex nanoscale structures and in condensed matter.

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Section: Time-resolved Photoionization Of Many-electron Atomsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Attosecond Streaking Of Photoemission a Streaking Princmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Attosecond chronoscopy of photoemission

2015

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“…The elimination of the HH phases is possible by illuminating different targets with the same optical set up, i.e., identical APTs and IR pulses, followed by the investigation of phase differences between RABBITT SB traces from different targets for the same HH orders. Such phase differences have been recently studied for photoemission from atomic targets [14] as well as solid surfaces [12,15] and will be further investigated in this work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative time-resolved photoemission from the Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces

Ambrosio

Thumm

2016

Phys. Rev. A

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Motivated by the striking dependence of the valence electronic structure of transition metal surfaces on their crystallographic orientation, and by emerging experiments on laser-assisted extended ultraviolet (XUV) photoemission from solid surfaces, we calculate photoemission spectra from Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces as a function of the photoelectron final kinetic energy and the delay between the ionizing attosecond XUV pulse train and assisting infrared (IR) laser pulse. Our numerical simulations predict distinct differences in delaydependent photoelectron energy distributions and photoemission time delays for Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces. These differences can be scrutinized experimentally with existing technology in a suggested in situ comparative RABBITT (reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions) configuration by placing the two surfaces on a sliding platform while keeping all optical components and pathlengths fixed. Our calculations also show that the inclusion of the Fresnel-reflected incident IR pulse at the metal-vacuum interface modifies photoelectron spectra and photoemission time delays in a characteristic way that reveals the degree of spatial location of the initial electronic states.

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“…These satellites arise from the selection of two discrete harmonics in the transmission spectral window provided by the tin filter. 28 , used as gas target for our streaking experiment, has little influence to the pulse duration under these experimental conditions. Due to the propagation of the VUV radiation through the Ne gas jet the signal with the jet on is weaker and noisier than when it is off, but the attosecond duration of the main peak is preserved in both cases, with similar overall contrast (4114% when the Ne jet was off, 3813% with the jet on).…”

Section: Figure 3 |Vuv Pulse Characterisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synchronized pulses generated at 20 eV and 90 eV for attosecond pump–probe experiments

et al. 2015

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The development of attosecond pulses across different photon energies is an essential precursor to performing pump-probe attosecond experiments in complex systems, where the potential of attosecond science 1 can be further developed 2,3 . We report the generation and characterization of synchronised XUV (90 eV) and VUV (20 eV) pulses generated simultaneously via high harmonic generation. The VUV pulses are well suited for pump-probe experiments that exploit the high photoionisation cross-section of many molecules in this spectral region 4 , and the higher photon flux due to the higher conversion efficiency of the high harmonics generation process at these energies 5 . We temporally characterised all pulses using the attosecond streaking technique 6 and the FROG-CRAB retrieval method 7 . We report 57616 as pulses at 20 eV and 25721 as pulses at 90 eV. Our demonstration of synchronised attosecond pulses at different photon energies, and inherently jitter-free due to the common-path geometry implemented, offers unprecedented possibilities for pump-probe studies.The production of isolated attosecond pulses (IAP) in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) region (30-150 eV) with an intense near-infrared (NIR) femtosecond laser is nowadays a robust process. The generation of IAP via high harmonic generation 1 (HHG) requires temporally gating the high harmonics emission to a single burst by using one of several techniques. Most common are polarization gating 8 , double optical gating 9 , ionization gating 10 and amplitude gating 11 . However, the

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Atomic delay in helium, neon, argon and krypton

Cited by 107 publications

References 40 publications

Attosecond chronoscopy of photoemission

Attosecond chronoscopy of photoemission

Comparative time-resolved photoemission from the Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces

Synchronized pulses generated at 20 eV and 90 eV for attosecond pump–probe experiments

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