Atmospheric transport and transformation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Tysklind, Mats; Faengmark, Ingrid; Marklund, Stellan; Lindskog, Anne; Thaning, Lennart; Rappe, Christoffer

doi:10.1021/es00047a028

Cited by 109 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Gas-phase (vapor phase) PCDD/Fs were observed to be depleted from the atmosphere due to photochemical degradation reactions (Tysklind et al 1993), while particlebound PCDD/Fs deposition accounted for most of the atmospheric flux to the ecosystem (Lohmann and Jones, 1998). Furthermore, deposition of PCDD/Fs in air can be divided into dry deposition (gaseous, particulate) and wet deposition, both deposition processes contribute significantly to the removal of atmospheric PCDD/Fs (Koester and Hites, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran in a Rural Area of Taiwan

Huang

Chen

Lai

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The characteristics of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and the variation of the gas-particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs near two municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs) located in southern Taiwan were investigated. In order to better understand the mechanism of dry deposition, the atmospheric dry deposition flux and velocity of PCDD/Fs were calculated. It was found that the mean atmospheric PCDD/F concentrations (0.0386-0.106 pg I-TEQ/Nm 3 ) were comparable to those detected in the vicinity of MSWIs in Taiwan, but significantly lower than those in a highly industrialized urban area (0.15 pg I-TEQ/Nm 3 ) located in southern Taiwan. The relatively higher atmospheric PCDD/F concentrations was found in winter than in summer, probably because of several loss process including photolysis, chemical reactivity, wet and dry deposition, and scavenging by vegetation. The calculated total dry deposition flux of PCDD/Fs ranged from 0.0274-0.718 ng I-TEQ/m 2 -month, and the atmospheric deposition flux in winter tended to be higher than those in summer. The results also indicated that dry deposition velocities of atmospheric particles for each month ranged from 0.52-0.91 cm/s (mean = 0.63 cm/s) and 0.48-0.73 cm/s (mean = 0.55 cm/s) in sites A and B, respectively, which were similar to that for the ambient air near two MSWIs in Taiwan, but slightly higher than those in urban area of Korea. In addition, the dry deposition of PCDD/Fs was mainly contributed by particle-phase at both sampling areas during the estimated period. The above results demonstrated that the dominant mechanism of dry deposition was particle phase deposition.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran in a Rural Area of Taiwan

Huang

Chen

Lai

et al. 2011

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…In addition to these well-known local sources, it is also difficult to exclude the role of long-range transport as an additional, minor source component, especially during spring (or winter) known as periods of low precipitation (Tysklind et al 1993;Dyke and Stratford 2002). Lower dioxin concentrations in the summer months may be explained additionally by factors such as summertime monsoons and the development of deep mixing layers.…”

Section: Seasonal Variation In Dioxins (Pcdds/fs) Concentrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Simply termed 'dioxins,' polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) are observed in virtually all types of environmental matrices such as air, soil, and water (Tysklind et al 1993). The molecular structure of PCDDs comprises two benzene rings connected by two oxygen atom bridges, whereas that of PCDFs consists of two benzene rings joined by a carbon bond and an oxygen bridge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) in ambient air at urban residential locations

Rahman

Shon

et al. 2013

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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3 , respectively. The concentration profile of individual species was dominated by the 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF isomer, which contributed approximately 36 % of the RPCDD/Fs value. The observed temporal trends in PCDD/F concentrations were characterized by relative enhancement in the winter and spring. The relative contribution of different sources, when assessed by principal component analysis, is explained by the dominance of vehicular emissions along with coal (or gas) burning as the key source of ambient PCDD/Fs in the residential areas studied.

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“…Among different organic matters, POPs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins, and dibenzofurans) are the most interesting from the point of view of their behaviour in the environment. Different classes of POPs are emitted from various sources: PAHs are mainly emitted in combustion processes from industrial or domestic sites and traffic [2], PCBs are spread via chemicals used in semiconductor industry and by waste disposal [3,4], dibenzop-dioxins and dibenzofurans via operation of landfills and incinerations [5,6], and pesticides are spread via dispersion to the soil [7,8]. Furthermore, secondary sources of POPs include the spreading of sludge on the ground surface and remobilization of previously deposited compounds from soil and water bodies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High-volume samplers are usually used as conventional sampling techniques to determine POPs in the atmospheric air [6,7,[13][14][15]. The relatively high cost of the equipment as well as the requirement for a pump and source of electricity are important disadvantages of this sampling method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent organic pollutants in Lithuania: Assessment of air and soil contamination

Milukaitė¹

2008

Lithuanian J. Phys.

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Atmospheric transport and transformation of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans

Cited by 109 publications

References 21 publications

Characterization of Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran in a Rural Area of Taiwan

Characterization of Atmospheric Dry Deposition of Polychlorinated Dibenzo-p-dioxins/Dibenzofuran in a Rural Area of Taiwan

Partitioning of dioxins (PCDDs/Fs) in ambient air at urban residential locations

Persistent organic pollutants in Lithuania: Assessment of air and soil contamination

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