Atmospheric research program for studying changing emission patterns after German unification

Acker, K.; Möller, Detlev; Marquardt, Wolfgang; Brüggemann, E.; Wieprecht, W.; Auel, R.; Kalaß, Dieter

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(98)00041-7

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The input of N at the study site is strongly affected by air masses transported over long distances. This is confirmed by studies of cloud water chemistry at Mt Brocken (Acker et al, 1995(Acker et al, , 1998Möller et al, 1996). Nitrous oxide compounds (NO x ) can be transported over long distances via conversion to pernitric acid or peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) derivatives (Lammel, 1993).…”

Section: Open Area Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 57%

Studies of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in a Mire of the German National Park Hochharz Mountains Using Two Different Methods

Böhlmann

Meißner

Bernsdorf

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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The purpose of this study was to determine the nitrogen (N) deposition in a mire of the German National Park Hochharz Mountains in regard to different input pathways of open area and forest stand deposition. High N deposition rates strongly affect the development and growth of mires in general. For determination of the open area N deposition two methods were applied: the bulk deposition method and the Integral Total Nitrogen Input (ITNI) method. This method is based on the 15 N isotope dilution technique and was adapted at this study to evaluate its applicability for natural ecosystems as well as to compare with the traditional bulk method. The forest stand deposition included canopy throughfall, stemflow and fog was measured by means of bulk collectors. On the test site, bulk deposition measurements showed an input of 27 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in the open area and 47 kg N ha −1 yr −1 in the forest stand. The higher N input in the forest stand is caused by interception of fog by the canopy. N concentrations in fog were up to more than six times higher than in rain. The ITNI system yielded a total N deposition of 30 kg N ha −1 yr −1 on average in the open area. The small differences between the two simultaneously applied measuring techniques were caused by a minimum biomass development of the autochthonous plant Calamagrostis villosa in the ITNI system. With increasing biomass production the influence of plants on the atmospheric N input also increased. It can be concluded that the ITNI system is beneficial for the application in a natural ecosystem when using more robust and biomass producing plants. The measured atmospheric N deposition exceeds the critical load for nutrient poor mires and represents therefore a potential risk for the continuity of this ecosystem.

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Section: Open Area Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 57%

Studies of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in a Mire of the German National Park Hochharz Mountains Using Two Different Methods

Böhlmann

Meißner

Bernsdorf

et al. 2005

Water Air Soil Pollut

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“…However, the mass concentration changes did not explain the variation in the coefficients for NO 2 , carbon monoxide, ultrafine particles, and ozone (Breitner et al, 2009). The control measures included restructuring of the eastern bloc industries, a changed car fleet (the number of cars with catalytic converters increased over time, as did the number of cars in general) and complete fuel replacement and an exchange from brown coal to natural gas in power plants and in domestic heating (Acker et al, 1998).…”

Section: Changing Fuel Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

Broome¹,

Johnston

Horsley

et al. 2016

Medical Journal of Australia

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This document presents answers to 24 questions relevant to reviewing European policies on air pollution and to addressing health aspects of these policies. The answers were developed by a large group of scientists engaged in the WHO project "Review of evidence on health aspects of air pollution -REVIHAAP". The experts reviewed and discussed the newly accumulated scientific evidence on the adverse effects on health of air pollution, formulating science-based answers to the 24 questions. Extensive rationales for the answers, including the list of key references, are provided. The review concludes that a considerable amount of new scientific information on the adverse effects on health of particulate matter, ozone and nitrogen dioxide, observed at levels commonly present in Europe, has been published in recent years. This new evidence supports the scientific conclusions of the WHO air quality guidelines, last updated in 2005, and indicates that the effects in some cases occur at air pollution concentrations lower than those serving to establish these guidelines. It also provides scientific arguments for taking decisive actions to improve air quality and reduce the burden of disease associated with air pollution in Europe.This publication arises from the project REVIHAAP and has been co-funded by the European Union. Keywords AIR POLLUTANTS AIR POLLUTION -ADVERSE EFFECTS ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE GUIDELINES HEALTH POLICYAddress requests about publications of the WHO Regional Office for Europe to: Publications WHO Regional Office for Europe Scherfigsvej 8 DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark Alternatively, complete an online request form for documentation, health information, or for permission to quote or translate, on the Regional Office web site (http://www.euro.who.int/pubrequest). © World Health Organization 2013All rights reserved. The Regional Office for Europe of the World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate borderlines for which there may not yet be full agreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either express or implied. ...

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“…The values of neutralization factor (NF) for Ca 2+ , Na + and NH 4 + were 1.85, 0.25 and 0.19, respectively. According to literature data (Acker, Moller, & Marquardt, 1998;Sha, Wang, Yang, & Liu, 1996), in most rains of the world the cations that are mainly responsible for the sulphate neutralization are calcium and ammonium. In this study, sodium plays an important role in the neutralization.…”

Section: Neutralization Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of a Coal-Fired Power Plant in Turkey on the Chemical Composition of Rain Water in a Certain Region

Demirak

2006

Environ Monit Assess

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In this study, the chemical composition of the rainwater in Yatağan, which is a region surrounding a coal power plant was investigated from February to April 2002. Rainwater samples were obtained from Yatağan, located northwest of Muğla City in Turkey. pH values and concentrations of major ions (Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), SO(2-)(4), NO(-)(3), NH(+)(4)) in the rainwater samples were analyzed. The pH varied from 5.1 to 7.9 with an average of 6.7 which was in alkaline range considering 5.6 as the neutral pH of cloud water in equilibrium with atmospheric CO(2). In the total of 30 rain events, only three events were observed with water in the acidic range (<5.6), which occurred after continuous rains. The equivalent concentration of components followed the order: Ca(2+) > SO(2-)(4) > Na(+) > NH(+)(4) > NO(-)(3) > K(+) > H(+). The anion and cation concentrations in the rainwater samples showed a high sulphate concentration (131 microEq/l), as well as high sodium (40 microEq/l) and calcium (298 microEq/l) concentrations. These values indicate that one probable source of the high sodium concentration is fly ash, after the coal burning process and the power plant can be effective on level SO(2-)(4) concentrations in rainwater. In addition, the dust-rich local and surrounding limestone environment might have caused the high concentration of Ca(2+) in rainwater of the Yatağan Basin. Due to a large contribution of these cations to the sulphate neutralization action, the rainwater of this region displays only a moderate acidity, which does not cause significant environmental impact.

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Atmospheric research program for studying changing emission patterns after German unification

Cited by 26 publications

References 30 publications

Studies of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in a Mire of the German National Park Hochharz Mountains Using Two Different Methods

Studies of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition in a Mire of the German National Park Hochharz Mountains Using Two Different Methods

A rapid assessment of the impact of hazard reduction burning around Sydney, May 2016

The Influence of a Coal-Fired Power Plant in Turkey on the Chemical Composition of Rain Water in a Certain Region

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