Atmospheric Processing and Variability of Biological Ice Nucleating Particles in Precipitation at Opme, France

Pouzet, Glwadys; Peghaire, Elodie; Aguès, Maxime; Baray, Jean-Luc; Conen, Franz; Amato, Pierre

doi:10.3390/atmos8110229

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…For example, observations in France indicate that atmospheric acidification reduces their influence (Pouzet et al 2017). Nonetheless evidence that human activities have impacted ice nucleating particles or their properties remains too limited to generalise (Carslaw et al 2017;Coluzza et al 2017).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forests, atmospheric water and an uncertain future: the new biology of the global water cycle

Sheil

2018

For. Ecosyst.

121

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Theory and evidence indicate that trees and other vegetation influence the atmospheric water-cycle in various ways. These influences are more important, more complex, and more poorly characterised than is widely realised. While there is little doubt that changes in tree cover will impact the water-cycle, the wider consequences remain difficult to predict as the underlying relationships and processes remain poorly characterised. Nonetheless, as forests are vulnerable to human activities, these linked aspects of the water-cycle are also at risk and the potential consequences of large scale forest loss are severe. Here, for non-specialist readers, I review our knowledge of the links between vegetation-cover and climate with a focus on forests and rain (precipitation). I highlight advances, uncertainties and research opportunities. There are significant shortcomings in our understanding of the atmospheric hydrological cycle and of its representation in climate models. A better understanding of the role of vegetation and tree-cover will reduce some of these shortcomings. I outline and illustrate various research themes where these advances may be found. These themes include the biology of evaporation, aerosols and atmospheric motion, as well as the processes that determine monsoons and diurnal precipitation cycles. A novel theory-the 'biotic pump'-suggests that evaporation and condensation can exert a major influence over atmospheric dynamics. This theory explains how high rainfall can be maintained within those continental land-masses that are sufficiently forested. Feedbacks within many of these processes can result in non-linear behaviours and the potential for dramatic changes as a result of forest loss (or gain): for example, switching from a wet to a dry local climate (or visa-versa). Much remains unknown and multiple research disciplines are needed to address this: forest scientists and other biologists have a major role to play. New ideas, methods and data offer opportunities to improve understanding. Expect surprises.

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Section: Anthropogenic Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forests, atmospheric water and an uncertain future: the new biology of the global water cycle

Sheil

2018

For. Ecosyst.

121

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“…Microorganisms could even trigger their aerosolization and precipitation voluntarily by ice nucleation (IN) capacity as part of their life cycle, which was observed to express in enhanced concentrations of PBA and biological IN-activity in snow and rain (Morris et al 2014;Christner et al 2008a, b;Huffman et al 2013;Pouzet et al 2017;Stopelli et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial composition in seasonal time series of free tropospheric air and precipitation reveals community separation

et al. 2019

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Primary biological aerosols are transported over large distances, are traveling in various media such as dry air masses, clouds or fog, and eventually deposited with dry deposition, especially for larger particles, or precipitation like rain, hail or snow. To investigate relative abundance and diversity of airborne bacterial and fungal communities, samples have been collected with a liquid impinger (Coriolis l) from the top of Mount Sonnblick (3106 m asl, Austrian Alps) from the respective sources under a temporal aspect over four seasons over the year to include all climatic conditions. Bacterial and fungal

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“…Further, previous work has evaluated INP concentrations and at times composition in detritus, soil, water from lakes and oceans, surface microlayers, and precipitation samples to assess INP sources (e.g., Conen et al, 2016;Creamean et al, 2014;DeMott et al, 2016;Hill et al, 2016;Irish et al, 2017;Moffett, 2016;O'Sullivan et al, 2014;Petters and Wright, 2015;Pietsch et al, 2017;Pouzet et al, 2017;Schnell, 1977;Schnell and Vali, 1972, 1973, 1975Stopelli et al, 2015;Tobo et al, 2014). Analysis of INPs in precipitation samples takes a step in the direction of vertical profiling of INPs, making the assumption that the INPs in precipitation are what initiated ice formation in the clouds above; however, there are caveats associated with artifacts from scavenging during raindrop or snowflake descent, aerosolization methods, and redistribution of residue particles in collected liquid precipitation samples Hanlon et al, 2017;Petters and Wright, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HOVERCAT: a novel aerial system for evaluation of aerosol–cloud interactions

et al. 2018

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Abstract. Aerosols have a profound impact on cloud microphysics through their ability to serve as ice nucleating particles (INPs). As a result, cloud radiative properties and precipitation processes can be modulated by such aerosolcloud interactions. However, one of the largest uncertainties associated with atmospheric processes is the indirect effect of aerosols on clouds. The need for more advanced observations of INPs in the atmospheric vertical profile is apparent, yet most ice nucleation measurements are conducted on the ground or during infrequent and intensive airborne field campaigns. Here, we describe a novel measurement platform that is less expensive and smaller (< 5 kg) when compared to traditional aircraft and tethered balloon platforms and that can be used for evaluating two modes of ice nucleation (i.e., immersion and deposition). HOVERCAT (Honing On VERtical Cloud and Aerosol properTies) flew during a pilot study in Colorado, USA, up to 2.6 km above mean sea level (1.1 km above ground level) and consists of an aerosol module that includes an optical particle counter for size distributions (0.38-17 µm in diameter) and a new sampler that collects up to 10 filter samples for offline ice nucleation and aerosol analyses on a launched balloon platform. During the May 2017 test flight, total particle concentrations were highest closest to the ground (up to 50 cm −3 at < 50 m above ground level) and up to 2 in 10 2 particles were ice nucleation active in the immersion mode (at −23 • C). The warmest temperature immersion and deposition mode INPs (observed up to −6 and −40.4 • C, respectively) were observed closest to the ground, but overall INP concentrations did not exhibit an inverse correlation with increasing altitude. HOVERCAT is a prototype that can be further modified for other airborne platforms, including tethered balloon and unmanned aircraft systems. The versatility of HOVERCAT affords future opportunities to profile the atmospheric column for more comprehensive evaluations of aerosol-cloud interactions. Based on our test flight experiences, we provide a set of recommendations for future deployments of similar measurement systems and platforms.

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Atmospheric Processing and Variability of Biological Ice Nucleating Particles in Precipitation at Opme, France

Cited by 20 publications

References 71 publications

Forests, atmospheric water and an uncertain future: the new biology of the global water cycle

Forests, atmospheric water and an uncertain future: the new biology of the global water cycle

Microbial composition in seasonal time series of free tropospheric air and precipitation reveals community separation

HOVERCAT: a novel aerial system for evaluation of aerosol–cloud interactions

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