Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Printing of Nanomaterials for IoT Applications

Abstract

An atmospheric pressure plasma based printer is described as an alternative to conventional techniques including inkjet printing. The approach is demonstrated to be capable of printing various nanomaterials, and adjusting the plasma parameters, carrier gas flows and the physical parameters of the inks or nanomaterial suspensions can optimize the print quality. Raman analysis was used to characterize the oxide materials and carbon nanotubes printed using this technique, revealing high quality prints. The printed carbon nanotubes were used in a gas sensor chip and shown to provide good ammonia detection capability.

Hierarchical Structures Formed in an Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet by Polymerization from an Aerosol of Oxalic Acid Stabilized WO3–x Nanosheet Colloids: Toward High-Performance Electrochemical Devices and Sensors

“…WO 3– x /OA colloids were deposited on polished p-type (001)-oriented Si wafers using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet printer obtained from Space Foundry Inc . A simplified technical diagram of the plasma source can be found in Figure a.…”

“…Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ) Printing Apparatus. WO 3−x /OA colloids were deposited on polished p-type (001)-oriented Si wafers using an atmospheric pressure plasma jet printer obtained from Space Foundry Inc. 30 A simplified technical diagram of the plasma source can be found in Figure 1a. The electrode configuration is based on a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) consisting of a Teflon dielectric tube of 4 mm diameter externally fitted with a high-voltage (HV) and grounded counter electrode.…”

Printing of electromagnetic interference shielding materials

“…All the printing here was done using a plasma jet printer (Space Foundry, San Jose, CA). Engineering details of the printer along with photographs and schematic of the print head can be found in [25][26][27]. Plasma printing is essentially aerosol jet printing aided by a plasma in the form of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and provides consolidated thin films upon printing without a curing step due to the self-sintering effects of the plasma [25][26][27][28].…”

Plasma-jet printing of colloidal thermoelectric Bi2Te3 nanoflakes for flexible energy harvesting

“…Recently, plasma-jet printing of nanomaterial inks onto flexible substrates has been demonstrated with carbon nanotubes, 25 silver nanowires, 26 metal oxide nanoparticles, 24,30 and graphene oxide. 31,32 In this work, we present the first reporting to our knowledge of plasma-jet printed thermoelectric nanoparticles.…”

“…27,28 Atmospheric plasma jets have been shown to operate both by electrical phenomenon and plasma flow, enabling high flow directionality independent of gravity. 28,29 Recently, plasma-jet printing of nanomaterial inks onto flexible substrates has been demonstrated with carbon nanotubes, 25 silver nanowires, 26 metal oxide nanoparticles, 24,30 and graphene oxide. 31,32 In this work, we present the first reporting to our knowledge of plasma-jet printed thermoelectric nanoparticles.…”