Atmospheric pressure ionization for gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes in marine sediments

Ayala-Cabrera, Juan F.; Lipok, Christian; Moyano, Encarnación; Schmitz, Oliver J.; Santos, F.J.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127963

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…2a. Ions including the attachment of a superoxide moiety have already been reported for other halogenated compounds when operating in negative ion GC-APPI mode [25,29,30]. These ions may be formed by clustering reactions in the gas-phase with the superoxide ion generated through the electrons released after dopant photoionization process.…”

Section: Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Of Dp Isomers and Relat...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Analysis of Dechlorane Plus and related compounds in gull eggs by GC-HRMS using a novel atmospheric pressure photoionization source

et al. 2021

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Here, a new gas chromatography-atmospheric pressure photoionization-high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-APPI-HRMS) method combined with selective pressurized liquid extraction (sPLE) has been developed for the selective determination of Dechlorane Plus (DP) and its related compounds in gull egg samples used as a bioindicator of contamination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time these compounds have been analyzed by GC-MS using atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). Negative ion dopant-assisted APPI using vapors of diethyl ether and a source temperature of 250 °C provided high ionization efficiencies and mass spectra characterized by intense in-source fragment ions as well as the presence of molecular ion and characteristic cluster ions containing oxygen atoms in their chemical structure. This made it possible to improve the selectivity in the determination of these compounds compared to that obtained with traditional GC-MS ion sources. Under optimized conditions, the sPLE GC-APPI-HRMS (Orbitrap) method provided high recoveries (> 91%), good precisions (RSD% < 12%), and low method limits of detection (0.1-3.5 pg g −1 wet weight). The developed methodology has been applied to the determination of DP and related compounds in eggs of two gull species (L. michahellis and L. audouinii) from several Spanish protected areas. The results obtained showed significant differences in the DP concentration profiles in eggs from different gull breeding locations and between gull species of the same protected area. These results demonstrated the good performance of the GC-APPI-HRMS system to achieve a selective and sensitive determination of DP and related compounds in complex environmental samples.

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Section: Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization Of Dp Isomers and Relat...mentioning

confidence: 93%

Analysis of Dechlorane Plus and related compounds in gull eggs by GC-HRMS using a novel atmospheric pressure photoionization source

et al. 2021

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“…While NICI technique is a well-known ion source that could promote [M-H] − ions [35], other soft ionization techniques using APCI and atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI) sources have also been used in the recent years for GC-MS, showing a great potential to ionize different families of compounds even in negative mode [27,36,37]. APCI ionization in negative mode is achieved by the corona discharge generated by a corona needle [38], while APPI uses a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) lamp and requires an easily photoionizable substance (dopant), which later ionizes the analyte by gas-phase reactions [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of atmospheric pressure ionization sources for the analysis of free fatty acids in clinical and biological samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

et al. 2022

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Because of the central role of fatty acids in biological systems, their accurate quantification is still important. However, the impact of the complex matrix of biologically and clinically relevant samples such as plasma, serum, or cells makes the analysis still challenging, especially, when free non-esterified fatty acids have to be quantified. Here we developed and characterized a novel GC–MS method using pentafluorobenzyl bromide as a derivatization agent and compared different ionization techniques such as atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI), atmospheric pressure chemical photoionization (APPI), and negative ion chemical ionization (NICI). The GC-APCI-MS showed the lowest limits of detection from 30 to 300 nM for a broad range of fatty acids and a similar response for various fatty acids from a chain length of 10 to 20 carbon atoms. This allows the number of internal standards necessary for accurate quantification to be reduced. Moreover, the use of pentafluorobenzyl bromide allows the direct derivatization of free fatty acids making them accessible for GC–MS analysis without labor-intense sample pretreatment.

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“…Lubricant base oils; 166 Asphaltene fractions; 193,194,[231][232][233][234] Bitumen; 235 S-containing compounds; 28,182,232,[236][237][238][239] polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs); 225 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); 28,78,226,233,240 Cycloalkanes; 78,241,242 Steroids compounds; 243 N-, O-containing compounds 28,206,232,244,245 More suitable for non-polar samples than ESI but less than APPI. Thermal degradation and fragmentation are problems.…”

Section: Apci (Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Analytics Driving Kinetics: Advanced Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Petroleum Products

et al. 2021

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The current state-of-the-art in analysis techniques for petroleum fractions has progressed substantially during the last decade. This has helped to further improve the lumping procedures and modeling approaches of these complex systems. Recent advances in gas chromatography (GC), GC-field ionization mass spectrometry (GC-FIMS), and comprehensive gas chromatography (GC × GC) have made it possible to determine the compositions of fractions with up to 45 carbon atoms and in some cases up to C80. The combination of MS techniques with other selective detectors and reversed-phase column combinations has made it possible to quantify even traces of heteroatomic compounds in these complex hydrocarbon matrices. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), in some cases combined with GC × GC for the lighter part, has pushed the characterization of larger macromolecules in particular asphaltenes. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is also used widely for this purpose but has the disadvantage that quantification is not obvious. The development of more detailed characterization techniques has not remained unnoticed in the petrochemical society, and more recently in the petrochemical kinetic modeling society. More detailed characterization of petrochemical fractions has made the implementation of detailed kinetic models for simulation and optimization possible including more and more molecular detail. Additionally, advances in photo-ionization mass spectrometry (PI-MS) have allowed the detection of reactive intermediates and direct kinetic measurements in time-resolved experiments. It can only be expected that this trend will continue and that the application field will move from now primarily petrochemistry, (from catalytic cracking, over hydrotreating and hydrocracking, to pyrolysis, combustion, and steam cracking) to larger-scale chemical recycling and biomass conversion processes.

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Atmospheric pressure ionization for gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry determination of polychlorinated naphthalenes in marine sediments

Cited by 13 publications

References 50 publications

Analysis of Dechlorane Plus and related compounds in gull eggs by GC-HRMS using a novel atmospheric pressure photoionization source

Analysis of Dechlorane Plus and related compounds in gull eggs by GC-HRMS using a novel atmospheric pressure photoionization source

Potential of atmospheric pressure ionization sources for the analysis of free fatty acids in clinical and biological samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Analytics Driving Kinetics: Advanced Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Petroleum Products

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