Atmospheric phase distribution of oxidized and reduced nitrogen at a forest ecosystem research site

Held, Andreas; Wrzesinsky, Thomas; Mangold, Alexander; Gerchau, Jörg; Klemm, Otto

doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00124-8

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…2) are comparable to previous observations at the Weidenbrunnen site (Held et al, 2002). The dominance of tot-NH + 4 over tot-NO − 3 indicates the prevailing influence of emissions from agricultural activities as compared to traffic emissions.…”

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The dominance of tot-NH + 4 over tot-NO − 3 indicates the prevailing influence of emissions from agricultural activities as compared to traffic emissions. The dominance of the particulate phase over the respective gas phase was also observed by Held et al (2002).…”

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…According to Peters and Eiden (1992) v d of aerosol particles captured by the GRAEGOR at typical wind speeds at our site (2-4 m s −1 ) may have varied between 0.08 and more than 10 cm s −1 . Measurements at the Weidenbrunnen site by Held et al (2002) revealed consistent patterns in the size distributions of particulate NH + 4 and NO − 3 , with the former one dominating the fine particle concentrations (mean particle diameter of 0.25 and 0.71 µm), and the latter dominating the coarse particles ranges (mean particle diameter of 0.71 and 2 µm). For particles with mean diameters of 0.25, 0.71 and 2 µm, v d at the encountered wind speeds would theoretically range between 0.01-0.6, 0.01-1.08, and 0.06-3.5 cm s −1 , respectively (Peters and Eiden, 1992).…”

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce canopy

et al. 2010

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Abstract. Total ammonium (tot-NH3 ) measured at two levels. Gaseous species and related particulate compounds were measured selectively, simultaneously and continuously above a spruce forest canopy in south-eastern Germany in summer 2007. Measurements were performed using a wetchemical two-point gradient instrument, the GRAEGOR. Median concentrations of NH 3 , HNO 3 , NH + 4 , and NO − 3 were 0.57, 0.12, 0.76, and 0.48 µg m −3 , respectively. Total ammonium and total nitrate fluxes showed large variations depending on meteorological conditions, with concentrations close to zero under humid and cool conditions and higher concentrations under dry conditions. Mean fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate in September 2007 were directed towards the forest canopy and were −65.77 ng m −2 s −1 and −41.02 ng m −2 s −1 (in terms of nitrogen), respectively. Their deposition was controlled by aerodynamic resistances only, with very little influence of surface resistances. Including measurements of wet deposition and findings of former studies on occult deposition (fog water interception) at the study site, the total N deposition in September 2007 was estimated to 5.86 kg ha −1 .

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Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiessupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiesmentioning

confidence: 78%

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Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce canopy

et al. 2010

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“…Concentrations levels of gaseous NH 3 and HNO 3 and particulate NH + 4 and NO − 3 , observed in our study (Fig. 2) are comparable to previous observations at the Weidenbrunnen site (Held et al, 2002). The dominance of tot-NH + 4 over tot-NO − 3 indicates the prevailing influence of emissions from agricultural activities as compared to traffic emissions.…”

Section: Fluxes and Deposition Velocitiessupporting

confidence: 90%

Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce forest canopy

Wolff¹,

Trebs²,

Foken³

et al. 2009

Preprint

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Abstract. Total ammonium (tot-NH4+) and total nitrate (tot-NO3−) provide a chemically conservative quantity in the measurement of exchange processes of reactive nitrogen compounds ammonia (NH3), particulate ammonium (NH4+), nitric acid (HNO3), and particulate nitrate (NO3−), using the aerodynamic gradient method. Total fluxes were derived from concentration differences of total ammonium (NH3 and NH4+) and total nitrate (HNO3 and NO3−) measured at two levels. Gaseous species and related particulate compounds were measured selectively, simultaneously and continuously above a spruce forest canopy in south-eastern Germany in summer 2007. Measurements were performed using a wet-chemical two-point gradient instrument, the GRAEGOR. Median concentrations of NH3, HNO3, NH4−, and NO3− were 0.57, 0.12, 0.76, and 0.48 μg m−3, respectively. Total ammonium and total nitrate fluxes showed large variations depending on meteorological conditions, with concentrations close to zero under humid and cool conditions and higher concentrations under dry conditions. Mean fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate in September 2007 were directed towards the forest canopy and were −65.77 ng m−2 s−1 and −41.02 ng m−2 s−1 (in terms of nitrogen), respectively. Their deposition was controlled by aerodynamic resistances only, with very little influence of surface resistances. Including measurements of wet deposition and findings of former studies at the study site on occult deposition (fog water interception), the total N deposition in September 2007 was estimated to 5.86 kg ha−1.

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Trace Gases and Particles in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at the Waldstein Site: Present State and Historic Trends

Klemm¹

2004

Ecological Studies

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Atmospheric phase distribution of oxidized and reduced nitrogen at a forest ecosystem research site

Cited by 8 publications

References 35 publications

Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce canopy

Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce canopy

Exchange of reactive nitrogen compounds: concentrations and fluxes of total ammonium and total nitrate above a spruce forest canopy

Trace Gases and Particles in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer at the Waldstein Site: Present State and Historic Trends

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