Atmospheric particle number concentration and size distribution in a traffic–impacted area

Schneider, Ismael L.; Teixeira, Elba Calesso; Silva, Luis; Wiegand, Flávio

doi:10.5094/apr.2015.097

Cited by 44 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…05b) in the plume compared to the other periods likely indicated a super-polluter. Very dirty trucks or cars are known to produce larger BC particles than typical engines do (Schneider et al, 2015); however, the persistence of the plume rather indicates a nearby stationary rather than multiple mobile sources. In summary, the short plume seems to have resulted from a local event but the exact source is not apparent.…”

Section: Periods With Distinct Air Mass Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the mass absorption cross-section of black carbon (BC) aerosols is driven by BC internal mixing state at a central European background site (Melpitz, Germany) in winter

Yuan¹,

Modini²,

Zanatta³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Abstract. Properties of atmospheric black carbon (BC) particles were characterized during a field experiment at a rural background site (Melpitz, Germany) in February 2017. BC absorption at a wavelength of 870&#8201;nm was measured by a photoacoustic extinctiometer and BC physical properties (BC mass concentration, core size distribution and coating thickness) were measured by a single-particle soot photometer (SP2). Additionally, a catalytic stripper was used to intermittently remove BC coatings by alternating between ambient and thermo-denuded conditions. From these data the mass absorption cross section of BC (MACBC) and its enhancement factor (EMAC) were inferred. Two methods were applied independently to investigate the coating effect on EMAC: a correlation method (ambient MACBC vs. BC coating thickness) and a denuding method (MACBC,amb vs. MACBC,denuded). Observed EMAC values varied from 1.0 to 1.6 (lower limit from denuding method) or ~&#8201;1.2 to 1.9 (higher limit from correlation method) with the mean coating volume fraction ranging from 54 to 78&#8201;% in the dominating mass equivalent BC core diameter range of 200&#8211;220&#8201;nm. MACBC and EMAC were strongly correlated with coating thickness of BC, while other factors were found to have a potential minor influence as well, including air mass origins (different BC sources), mixing morphology (ratio of inorganics to organics), BC core size distribution and absorption &#197;ngstr&#246;m exponent (AAE). These results for ambient BC measured at Melpitz during winter show that the lensing effect caused by coatings on BC is the main driver of the variations in MACBC and EMAC, while changes in other BC particle properties such as source, BC core size or coating composition play only minor roles.

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Section: Periods With Distinct Air Mass Originmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in the mass absorption cross-section of black carbon (BC) aerosols is driven by BC internal mixing state at a central European background site (Melpitz, Germany) in winter

Yuan¹,

Modini²,

Zanatta³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The highest concentration of particulate matter is recorded in traffic intersections, but it is also increased in street canyons and on the roadsides, in comparison with the urban peripheral areas [52]. Within the street canyons, the nanoparticles' concentration depends on: traffic, atmospheric conditions (wind flow velocity, air temperature) [53,54], street dimensions (large or narrow), street style (trees, street squares) and buildings' type (small or tall, balconies, walls roughness) [55].…”

Section: Atmospheric Nanoparticles In Different Urban Areasmentioning

confidence: 95%

Oxidative Stress Produced by Urban Atmospheric Nanoparticles

Mitrea¹,

Toader²,

Hoteiuc³

2020

Nanomaterials - Toxicity, Human Health and Environment

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In urban areas, the diesel-fuelled and bio-fuelled vehicles represent the major sources of nanoparticles complemented by nanotechnology with different types of particles, in addition to natural and to other anthropogenic sources. The atmospheric nanoparticles differ in composition, size, shape or oxidant capacity, presenting a large variability that causes difficulties in their measurements and health impact identification. The oxidative stress can be initiated by atmospheric nanoparticles through different mechanisms: interaction between nanoparticles and tissue cells, cellular internalisation of nanoparticles, activation of signalling pathways, decrease of the cellular antioxidants, activation of the pro-inflammatory cascade, lipid peroxidation, activation of cellular signalling pathway that leads to apoptosis, etc. Ultrafine particles (<100 nm) represent ~80% of the total atmospheric particles and produce inflammation through oxidative stress mechanisms. The atmospheric nanoparticles can penetrate the skin and can be inhaled or ingested affecting different organs and leading to different diseases: neurodegeneration, thrombogenesis, atherosclerosis, asthma, lung cancer, heart arrest, etc.

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“…Furthermore, infill urban development in Sydney is disproportionately occurring along main road sites, so that population exposure to traffic-related air pollution is likely to increase over the next decade. There is also a tendency for this to impact the more vulnerable in our society with those of lower socio-economic status being more likely to live by busy roads and more likely to commute by bus (with bus-stops having been identified as typical pollution hotspots [131,163,164]). Thus, a reduction of emissions from road vehicles is an important issue for public health and social equity.…”

Section: Policy Options To Reduce Air Pollution From Trafficmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Clean Air Plan for Sydney: An Overview of the Special Issue on Air Quality in New South Wales

et al. 2019

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This paper presents a summary of the key findings of the special issue of Atmosphere on Air Quality in New South Wales and discusses the implications of the work for policy makers and individuals. This special edition presents new air quality research in Australia undertaken by (or in association with) the Clean Air and Urban Landscapes hub, which is funded by the National Environmental Science Program on behalf of the Australian Government’s Department of the Environment and Energy. Air pollution in Australian cities is generally low, with typical concentrations of key pollutants at much lower levels than experienced in comparable cities in many other parts of the world. Australian cities do experience occasional exceedances in ozone and PM2.5 (above air pollution guidelines), as well as extreme pollution events, often as a result of bushfires, dust storms, or heatwaves. Even in the absence of extreme events, natural emissions play a significant role in influencing the Australian urban environment, due to the remoteness from large regional anthropogenic emission sources. By studying air quality in Australia, we can gain a greater understanding of the underlying atmospheric chemistry and health risks in less polluted atmospheric environments, and the health benefits of continued reduction in air pollution. These conditions may be representative of future air quality scenarios for parts of the Northern Hemisphere, as legislation and cleaner technologies reduce anthropogenic air pollution in European, American, and Asian cities. However, in many instances, current legislation regarding emissions in Australia is significantly more lax than in other developed countries, making Australia vulnerable to worsening air pollution in association with future population growth. The need to avoid complacency is highlighted by recent epidemiological research, reporting associations between air pollution and adverse health outcomes even at air pollutant concentrations that are lower than Australia’s national air quality standards. Improving air quality is expected to improve health outcomes at any pollution level, with specific benefits projected for reductions in long-term exposure to average PM2.5 concentrations.

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Atmospheric particle number concentration and size distribution in a traffic–impacted area

Cited by 44 publications

References 64 publications

Variability in the mass absorption cross-section of black carbon (BC) aerosols is driven by BC internal mixing state at a central European background site (Melpitz, Germany) in winter

Variability in the mass absorption cross-section of black carbon (BC) aerosols is driven by BC internal mixing state at a central European background site (Melpitz, Germany) in winter

Oxidative Stress Produced by Urban Atmospheric Nanoparticles

A Clean Air Plan for Sydney: An Overview of the Special Issue on Air Quality in New South Wales

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