Atmospheric Options Effects on Threat Zones Determined by The Consequence Analysis (ALOHA Software)

Çetinyokuş, Saliha

doi:10.5578/fmbd.52776

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Based on the results obtained with the ALOHA program, they determined that the most dangerous scenarios for natural gas pipelines are jet fire and vapor cloud explosion. Çetinyokuş [18] calculated the toxic zone, combustible zone and high-pressure effect distances of methane, ethylene diamine and methyl chloride for different situations that were created by taking into account the average atmospheric conditions of Kocaeli with the help of the ALOHA program. The largest threat distance values (toxic threat distance values, >10 km) was obtained for ethylene diamine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the Jet Fire Using Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling (ALOHA): A Case Study of Natural Gas Pipeline in Istanbul, Türkiye

Besiktas,

Baltaci,

Akkoyunlu

2024

Atmosphere

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Natural gas is known as a widely used energy source in residential, business and industrial areas. During the transportation of natural gas by pipelines, accidents occur due to various reasons, which can also lead to gas output. These accidents are events that have the potential to pose important risks in terms of life and property safety, particularly in urban areas and surrounding of pipeline routings. In this study, accident scenarios were generated based on a natural gas distribution pipeline fire that occurred in Istanbul (NW Türkiye) on 28 April 2020 and the impact areas of the jet fire were calculated using the ALOHA program. The effects of source release factors (i.e., pipe length and diameter) and atmospheric conditions (i.e., wind speed, cloud cover, air temperature and relative humidity) on the thermal radiation threat distances associated with jet fire were calculated for the current and worst scenarios. As a result, it was found that pipe length and diameter have a significant effect on threat distances. In addition to the role of the synoptic circulation mechanism on the jet fire for the selected episodic event (position of low/high pressure centers), local atmospheric conditions also have an effect on the threat distance. From the modeling analysis, significant impact of wind speed, air temperature and relative humidity values on the threat distances were found. In the worst scenario, if there were strong northeasterly winds reaching 30.9 m per hour at the time of the jet fire, the threat distances would have been 21 m (red), 28 m (orange) and 42 m (yellow). This case shows that if a natural gas jet fire occurs under the influence of strong northeasterly winds (passing over the Black Sea without encountering any topographic obstacles), poisonous gas will be transported to long distances in a short time and will negatively affect social life and economy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of the Jet Fire Using Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling (ALOHA): A Case Study of Natural Gas Pipeline in Istanbul, Türkiye

Besiktas,

Baltaci,

Akkoyunlu

2024

Atmosphere

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Bleve Impact Analysis for Explosion Scenario of a Gas Tanker

Kuzu

2021

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi

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Flammable, explosive, poisonous, cargoes are classified as dangerous goods in maritime transportation. Dangerous goods are mostly carried on tankers. There are international rules and implementations regarding the safe and secure transportation of these cargoes for maritime transportation. Despite all measures and practices, security vulnerabilities and threats for maritime transportation continue. Recently, attacks on tankers especially in the Persian Gulf show that there is a security weakness against ships. Dangerous cargoes which transported via tankers increase the risk of security threat due to their characteristics. As a matter of fact, possible sabotage to be made on a tanker carrying flammable, explosive hazardous cargoes may have disastrous results depending on navigation area, cargo and shape of the sabotage. It is much more important to provide safe and secure transportation in the regions such as the Turkish Straits where the number of transit tankers is high and the surrounding settlements are dense. In this study, Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion (BLEVE) impact analysis was performed for the explosion scenario of a sailing gas tanker. The Regional Location of the Hazardous Atmosphere (ALOHA) software was used for impact analysis. Aim of the study is to emphasize importance of security for maritime transportation. According to the scenario set up, the circular area with a diameter of 2 kilometers as a result of bleve formation is fatal; It is determined that a circular area of 4.3 kilometers in diameter will form a dangerous area. The aim of the study is to emphasize the importance of safety in maritime dangerous goods transportation and to raise awareness about the subject for our country.

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Consequence Modelling and Analysis of Methane Explosions: A prelimi-nary Study on Biogas Stations

Özay

Guzel

CAN

2021

Journal of Advanced Research in Natural and Applied Sciences

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Biomass is one of the most important sources of renewable energy. Biomass resources can be utilized by producing biogas in the biogas stations, which include process equipment operating in critical conditions. In this study, a consequence analysis of a methane gas explosion carried out to estimate the explosion and the toxic threat zones of a biogas station in Turkey. ALOHA and PHAST Software Tools are used to realize an explosion by modelling scenarios and thus to estimate the effects of an explosion just to get an insight on methane gas explosion. By using ALOHA software, two different scenarios as leakage from the biogas tank and flammable chemical escaping directly into the atmosphere are designed and calculated by the Gaussian model. In addition to that, two different explosion scenarios as a leakage scenario from the biogas storage tank and a catastrophic rupture scenario are computed by using the PHAST Software. According to the first scenario results from ALOHA, explosions can cause destruction of buildings, serious injuries and shattering of glasses in the threat zones about 200 m while in the second scenario only shattering of glasses can be seen in 22 m of threat zone. The results from the PHAST show that threat zones do not change significantly at different weather conditions. It is found that the catastrophic rupture has maximum hazard zone limits among all the scenarios. It has been concluded that using different model-based software can be useful to understand possible results of biogas plant explosions.

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Atmospheric Options Effects on Threat Zones Determined by The Consequence Analysis (ALOHA Software)

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Simulation of the Jet Fire Using Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling (ALOHA): A Case Study of Natural Gas Pipeline in Istanbul, Türkiye

Simulation of the Jet Fire Using Atmospheric Dispersion Modeling (ALOHA): A Case Study of Natural Gas Pipeline in Istanbul, Türkiye

Bleve Impact Analysis for Explosion Scenario of a Gas Tanker

Consequence Modelling and Analysis of Methane Explosions: A prelimi-nary Study on Biogas Stations

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