Atmospheric occultation of optical intersatellite links: coherence loss and related parameters

Perlot, Nicolas

doi:10.1364/ao.48.002290

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The constant low level of corrections at earlier times is most likely to be attributed to combined micro vibrations of ARTEMIS and OICETS; the atmospheric effects lead immediately to strong signal variations and saturation of the mechanism. Angle of arrival errors start to increase later at the ARTEMIS side than at the OICETS side but as mentioned the effects are immediately strong (Perlot, 2009). A closer look at the data reveals a small gradual increase of the average corrections applied (red line in the plots) but interrupted by numerous saturation events.…”

Section: Link Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Atmospheric influence on a laser beam observed on the OICETS – ARTEMIS communication demonstration link

Löscher¹

2010

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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Abstract. In 2006 bi-directional optical inter-satellite communication experiments were conducted between the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) Optical Inter-orbit Communications Engineering Test Satellite (OICETS) and the European Space Agency (ESA) multi-purpose telecommunications and technology demonstration satellite (Advanced Relay and Technology MISsion) ARTEMIS. On 5 April 2006, an experiment was successfully carried out by maintaining the inter-satellite link during OICETS's setting behind the Earth limb until the signal was lost. This setup resembles an occultation observation where the influence of Earth's atmosphere is evident in the power fluctuations recorded at ARTEMIS's (and OICETS's) receiver. These fluctuations do not exist or are at a low level at a link path above the atmosphere and steadily increase as OICETS sets behind the horizon until the tracking of the signal is lost. This specific experiment was performed only once since atmospheric science was not the goal of this demonstration. Nevertheless, this kind of data, if available more frequently in future, can help to study atmospheric turbulence and validate models. The data present here were recorded at ARTEMIS.

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Section: Link Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Atmospheric influence on a laser beam observed on the OICETS – ARTEMIS communication demonstration link

Löscher¹

2010

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

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“…The turbulence strength is characterized by the Fried parameter r 0 cm (Fried, 1965), which is defined as the required aperture diameter to resolve atmospheric turbulence. Perlot (2009) describes the 5/7 Hufnagel-Valley model (HV 5/7 ) we use for a typical atmospheric turbulence vertical profile. Thomas et al (2006) describe the effect of turbulence based on an empirical parameter K, the window size, Fried parameter, and aperture diameter.…”

Section: Measurement Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric temperature measurements from nanosatellite stellar occultation observations of refractive bending

et al. 2023

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Abstract. Stellar occultation observations from space can probe the stratosphere and mesosphere at a fine vertical scale around the globe. Unlike other measurement techniques like radiosondes and aircraft, stellar occultation has the potential to observe the atmosphere above 30 km, and unlike radio occultation, stellar occultation probes fine-scale phenomena with potential to observe atmospheric turbulence. We imaged the refractive bending angle of a star centroid for a series of occultations by the atmosphere. Atmospheric refractivity, density, and then temperature are retrieved from the bending observations with the Abel transformation and Edlén's law, the hydrostatic equation, and the ideal gas law. The retrieval technique is applied to data collected by two nanosatellites operated by Terran Orbital. Measurements were primarily taken by the GEOStare SV2 mission, with a dedicated imaging telescope, supplemented with images captured by spacecraft bus sensors, namely the star trackers on other Terran Orbital missions. The bending angle noise floor is 10 and 30 arcsec for the star tracker and GEOStare SV2 data, respectively. The most significant sources of uncertainty are due to centroiding errors due to the fairly low-resolution stellar images and telescope pointing knowledge derived from noisy satellite attitude sensors. The former mainly affects the star tracker data, while the latter limits the GEOStare SV2 accuracy, with both providing low vertical resolution. This translates to a temperature profile retrieval up to roughly 20 km for both star tracker and GEOStare SV2 datasets. In preparation of an upcoming 2023 mission designed to correct these deficiencies, SOHIP, we simulated bending angle measurements with varying magnitudes of error. The expected maximum altitude of retrieved temperature is 41 km on average for these simulated measurements with a noise floor of 0.39 arcsec. Our work highlights the capabilities of stellar occultation observations from nanosatellites for atmospheric sounding. Future work will investigate high-frequency observations of atmospheric gravity waves and turbulence, mitigating the major uncertainties observed in these datasets.

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“…The turbulence strength is characterized by the Fried parameter r 0 cm (Fried, 1965), which is defined as the required aperture diameter to resolve atmospheric turbulence. Perlot (2009) describes the 5/7 Hufnagel-Valley model (HV 5/7 ) we use for a typical atmospheric turbulence vertical profile. Thomas et al (2006) describes the effect of turbulence based on an empirical parameter K, the window size, Fried parameter, and aperture diameter.…”

Section: Measurement Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

Stratospheric Temperature Measurements from NanoSatellite Observations of Stellar Occultation Bending

McGuffin

Cameron-Smith

Horsley

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Abstract. Stellar occultation observations from space can probe the stratosphere and mesosphere at a fine vertical scale around the globe unlike other measurement techniques like radiosondes, aircraft, and radio occultation. We imaged the refractive bending angle of a star centroid for a series of occultations by the atmosphere. Atmospheric refractivity, density, and then temperature are retrieved from the bending observations with the Abel transformation and Edlén's law, the hydrostatic equation, and the ideal gas law. The retrieval technique is applied to data collected by two nanosatellites operated by Terran Orbital. Measurements were primarily taken by the GEOStare SV2 mission, with a dedicated imaging telescope, supplemented with images captured by spacecraft bus sensors, namely the star trackers on other Terran Orbital missions. The bending angle noise floor is 10 arcseconds and 30 arcseconds for the star tracker and GEOStare SV2 data, respectively. The most significant sources of uncertainty are due to centroiding errors due to the fairly low-resolution stellar images and telescope pointing knowledge derived from noisy satellite attitude sensors. The former mainly affects the star tracker data, while the latter limits the GEOStare SV2 accuracy with both providing low vertical resolution. This translates to a temperature profile retrieval up to roughly 20 km for both star tracker and GEOStare SV2 datasets. In preparation of an upcoming 2023 mission designed to correct these deficiencies, SOHIP, we simulated bending angle measurements with varying magnitudes of error. The expected maximum altitude of retrieved temperature is 41 km on average for these simulated measurements with a noise floor of 0.39 arcseconds. Our work highlights the capabilities of stellar occultation observations from nanosatellites for atmospheric sounding. Future work will investigate high frequency observations of atmospheric gravity waves and turbulence, mitigating the major uncertainties observed in these datasets.

show abstract

Atmospheric occultation of optical intersatellite links: coherence loss and related parameters

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Atmospheric influence on a laser beam observed on the OICETS – ARTEMIS communication demonstration link

Atmospheric influence on a laser beam observed on the OICETS – ARTEMIS communication demonstration link

Stratospheric temperature measurements from nanosatellite stellar occultation observations of refractive bending

Stratospheric Temperature Measurements from NanoSatellite Observations of Stellar Occultation Bending

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