Atmospheric muons as an imaging tool

Bonechi, L.; D’Alessandro, R.; Giammanco, A.

doi:10.1016/j.revip.2020.100038

Cited by 125 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 149 publications

(240 reference statements)

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“…Muons are absorbed or attenuated when they pass through matter. The absorption depends on the material and can be used as a method for muon tomography based on the probability of muons passing or not through the object [8].…”

Section: Absorption Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of a cost-affordable Cosmic Ray Muon Tomographer

Gonzales¹

2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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Atmospheric muons can be used to image a volume due to multiple Coulomb scattering and absorption of different materials. This work presents the design and GEANT4 simulation of a prototype tomographer composed of two detectors, each made of two planes of an array of sensors. The sensors are based on plastic scintillators and silicon photomultipliers targeting new and costaffordable technology. In order to image a volume we study the possibility to discriminate different materials (e.g. lead, concrete, iron, water, aluminum) by measuring the absorption and incoming and outgoing angles of muons passing through these materials. We optimize the geometry and angular resolution of the array using simulations with the aim to scan structures such as large buildings and natural formations with muon tomography.

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Section: Absorption Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and simulation of a cost-affordable Cosmic Ray Muon Tomographer

Gonzales¹

2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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“…Correlated particles (i.e. from the same air shower) have relative arrival times in the order of typical detector timings (tens of ns) [13,14]. This feature limits the telescope to recognize between a trace of a single muon and a multiple-particle detection.…”

Section: Multiple Particle Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muography background sources: simulation, characterization, and machine-learning rejection

Rodríguez¹,

de'León-Barrios²,

Ramírez-Muñóz³

et al. 2021

Proceedings of 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2021)

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Muography scans large-size objects, natural or anthropic, by recording the atmospheric muon flux crossing them. The traversing muon flux, four orders of magnitude lower than the vertical muon flux, suffers an overwhelming background. The background sources are scattered muons, electromagnetic particles, reverse trajectory particles, and particles arriving simultaneously. We carried out Monte Carlo simulations to characterize such background sources. We estimated the scattered muon energy-angular spectrum and the cosmic ray components impinging the Muon Telescope -MuTe. We quantified the muography background using the Time-of-Flight and Water Cherenkov detector measurements of MuTe. We explored machine learning techniques to reject the background events.

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“…In the following, the basic principles of muography are introduced. A more detailed description on the principles of muography can be found from previous publications such as Yang et al (2019), Saracino et al (2019) and Bonechi et al (2019).…”

Section: Principles Of Muography Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muography and Its Potential Applications to Mining and Rock Engineering

Zhang

Enqvist²,

Holma

et al. 2020

Rock Mech Rock Eng

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Muography is a novel imaging method using natural cosmic-ray radiation for characterising and monitoring variation in average material density in a diverse range of objects that cannot be imaged by conventional imaging techniques. Muography includes muon radiography and muon tomography. Cosmic-ray-induced muons were discovered in the 1930’s, but rapid development of both muographic techniques has only occurred in the last two decades. With this rapid development, muography has been applied or tested in many fields such as volcano imaging, archaeology, underground structure and tunnel detection, rock mass density measurements, cargo scanning, imaging of nuclear waste and reactors, and monitoring of historical buildings and the inside of blast furnaces. Although applications of muography have already touched mining and rock engineering, such applications are still rare and they are just beginning to enter the market. Based on this background, this paper aims to introduce muography into the fields of mining and rock engineering. First, the basic properties of muons are summarized briefly. Second, potential applications of muography to mining and rock engineering are described. These applications include (1) monitoring temporal changes in the average material density of fracturing and deforming rock mass; (2) detecting geological structures and isolated ore bodies or weak zones in mines; (3) detecting a reservoir or boulders during tunnelling or drifting; (4) monitoring caving bodies to search remaining ore; (5) evaluating and classifying rock masses; (6) exploring new mineral deposits in operating underground mines and their surrounding brownfields. Finally, some issues such as maximum depth muons can reach are discussed.

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Atmospheric muons as an imaging tool

Cited by 125 publications

References 149 publications

Design and simulation of a cost-affordable Cosmic Ray Muon Tomographer

Design and simulation of a cost-affordable Cosmic Ray Muon Tomographer

Muography background sources: simulation, characterization, and machine-learning rejection

Muography and Its Potential Applications to Mining and Rock Engineering

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