Atmospheric heating due to black carbon aerosol during the summer monsoon period over Ballia: A rural environment over Indo-Gangetic Plain

Tiwari, Suresh; Dumka, U. C.; Hopke, P.K.; Tunved, Peter; Srivastava, Atul; Bisht, D. S.; Chakrabarty, Rajan K.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.04.008

Cited by 36 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…These radiative forcing values corresponded with atmospheric heating rates for composite (2.21, 1.26 and 1.26 K day −1 ) and for BC (1.19, 0.99 and 0.96 K day −1 ) aerosols during June, July and August, respectively. On average, the atmospheric heating rates for BC aerosols were 33% lower than the heating rates of the composite particles during the study period (Tiwari et al, 2016). Cappa et al (2008) found that even though aerosol light absorption is relatively small compared with total solar light extinction, the related impacts can be substantial, particularly on regional climate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Lack of adequate information on light-absorbing particles contributes to the uncertainties associated with comprehensive assessment of the impacts of aerosols on human health and climate (Bergstrom et al, 2007;Wu et al, 2009;Yan et al, 2017;Laakso et al, 2012;Vakkari et al, 2014;Maritz et al, 2015;Maritz, 2019). Efforts to understand aerosol properties are applied increasingly worldwide (for example, Yang et al, 2009;Chakrabatry et al, 2010;Favez et al, 2010;Gadhavi and Jayaraman, 2010;Segura et al 2014;Tiwari et al, 2016, Dumka et al, 2018 but there is still limited work done on light-absorbing aerosol fractions in southern Africa (for example, Laakso et al, 2012;Vakkari et al, 2014;Feig et al, 2015;Maritz et al, 2015;Chiloane et al, 2017;Maritz, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Xulu

Piketh

Feig

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Light-absorbing aerosols, particularly black carbon (BC), have significant impacts on human health and the climate. They are also the least-studied fraction of atmospheric particles, particularly in residential areas of southern Africa. The optical characteristics of ground-based light-absorbing aerosols from Kwadela Township in South Africa are investigated in this study. Daily averaged ambient PM 2.5 highest levels were 51.39 µg m-3 and 32.18 µg m-3 , whereas hourly averages peaked at 61.31 µg m-3 and 34.69 µg m-3 during winter and summer, respectively. Levels of daily averaged light-absorbing aerosols were 2.9 times higher (1.89 ± 0.5 µg m-3) in winter 2014 than in summer 2015 (0.66 ± 0.2 µg m-3). In both seasons, hourly averaged levels showed bimodal diurnal cycles, which correlated with the PM 2.5 diurnal patterns that indicated distinct peaks in the morning and evening. These diurnal cycle peak periods corresponded with the times of increased solid domestic fuel usage, road traffic, and also shallower boundary layer. On average, light-absorbing aerosols contributed a larger proportion of total ambient PM 2.5 levels in winter (6.5 ± 1.0%) than in summer (3.4 ± 1.0%). The winter average Absorption Ångstrӧm exponent AAE (370/880 nm) (1.7± 0.5), indicated the dominance of brown carbon (BrC) from biofuel/biomass burning and/or low-quality coal combustion emissions. In summer, the average AAE (370/950 nm) (1.3 ± 0.7), suggested the presence of BC and BrC in the mornings and evenings possibly from fossil fuel combustion sources. At midday and at night in summer, the AAE was close to 1, suggesting more BC contributions from sources such as diesel emissions during this time. A combination of BC and BrC particulates dominated on 50% and 5% of the summer days, respectively, whereas fresh BC were only measured in summer days (23%). Residential solid-fuel and/biomass combustion are important sources of light-absorbing aerosols in this study region, with concomitant human health and environmental impacts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Xulu

Piketh

Feig

et al. 2020

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…Large diurnal variability in BC has been linked with enhanced emissions and meteorological conditions, especially lower boundary layer heights, WS, and Temperature. In earlier studies [ 38 , 39 ] the winter-time peak (90 μgm −3 ) was much higher (~2 times) as compared to the pre-monsoon season peaks (35 μgm −3 ). The late-night BC concentration shows low values due to the decrease of vehicles on the road, close of industries, and night time cooking, and in the morning BC peaks are observed due to vehicles on the roads, coal mining activities, cooking, and operation of small industries.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Elevated Black Carbon Concentrations and Atmospheric Pollution around Singrauli Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (India) Using Ground and Satellite Data

Singh

Kumar

Singh

2018

IJERPH

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The tropospheric NO2 concentration from OMI AURA always shows high concentrations of NO2 at a few locations in India, one of the high concentrations of NO2 hotspots is associated with the locations of seven coal-fired Thermal Power plants (TPPs) in Singrauli. Emissions from TPPs are among the major sources of black carbon (BC) soot in the atmosphere. Knowledge of BC emissions from TPPs is important in characterizing regional carbonaceous particulate emissions, understanding the fog/haze/smog formation, evaluating regional climate forcing, modeling aerosol optical parameters and concentrations of black carbon, and evaluating human health. Furthermore, elevated BC concentrations, over the Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and the Himalayan foothills, have emerged as an important subject to estimate the effects of deposition and atmospheric warming of BC on the accelerated melting of snow and glaciers in the Himalaya. For the first time, this study reports BC concentrations and aerosol optical parameters near dense coal-fired power plants and open cast coal mining adjacent to the east IGP. In-situ measurements were carried out in Singrauli (located in south-east IGP) at a fixed site about 10 km from power plants and in transit measurements in close proximity to the plants, for few days in the month of January and March 2013. At the fixed site, BC concentration up to the 95 μgm−3 is observed with strong diurnal variations. BC concentration shows two maxima peaks during early morning and evening hours. High BC concentrations are observed in close proximity to the coal-fired TPPs (>200 μgm−3), compared to the outside domain of our study region. Co-located ground-based sunphotometer measurements of aerosol optical depth (AOD) show strong spatial variability at the fixed site, with AOD in the range 0.38–0.58, and the highest AOD in the range 0.7–0.95 near the TPPs in transit measurements (similar to the peak of BC concentrations). Additionally, the Angstrom exponent was found to be in the range 0.4–1.0 (maximum in the morning time) and highest in the proximity of TPPs (~1.0), suggesting abundance of fine particulates, whereas there was low Angstrom exponent over the surrounding coal mining areas. Low Angstrom exponent is characterized by dust from the unpaved roads and nearby coal mining areas. MODIS derived daily AOD shows a good match with the MICROTOPS AOD. The CALIPSO derived subtypes of the aerosol plot shows that the aerosols over Singrauli region are mainly dust, polluted dust, and elevated smoke. The preliminary study for few days provides information about the BC concentrations and aerosol optical properties from Singrauli (one of the NO2 hotspot locations in India). This preliminary study suggests that long-term continuous monitoring of BC is needed to understand the BC concentrations and aerosol optical properties for better quantification and the estimation of the emission to evaluate radiative forcing in the region.

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“…Himalaya and Tibetan Plateau from previous studies (Srivastava et al, 2012;Tiwari et al, 2016;Bhat et al, 2017;Wang et al, 2015).…”

Section: S15 Benzothiazolone Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Supplementary material to "Measurement report: Quantifying source contribution and radiative forcing of fossil fuel and biomass burning black carbon aerosol in the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau"

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Atmospheric heating due to black carbon aerosol during the summer monsoon period over Ballia: A rural environment over Indo-Gangetic Plain

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Elevated Black Carbon Concentrations and Atmospheric Pollution around Singrauli Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (India) Using Ground and Satellite Data

Supplementary material to "Measurement report: Quantifying source contribution and radiative forcing of fossil fuel and biomass burning black carbon aerosol in the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau"

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Atmospheric heating due to black carbon aerosol during the summer monsoon period over Ballia: A rural environment over Indo-Gangetic Plain

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Characterizing Light-absorbing Aerosols in a Low-income Settlement in South Africa

Elevated Black Carbon Concentrations and Atmospheric Pollution around Singrauli Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plants (India) Using Ground and Satellite Data

Supplementary material to &quot;Measurement report: Quantifying source contribution and radiative forcing of fossil fuel and biomass burning black carbon aerosol in the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau&quot;

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Supplementary material to "Measurement report: Quantifying source contribution and radiative forcing of fossil fuel and biomass burning black carbon aerosol in the southeastern margin of Tibetan Plateau"