Atmospheric flow simulation strategies to assess turbulent wind conditions for safe drone operations in urban environments

Giersch, Sebastian; Guernaoui, Omar El; Raasch, Siegfried; Sauer, Manuela; Palomar, Marta

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2022.105136

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Small UAV, due to their size and remote control nature, are vulnerable to adverse weather conditions like wind and rainfall during urban low-altitude operations. Unfavorable weather can exceed UAV tolerances, leading to malfunctions and accidents [15,16]. Thus, meteorological conditions are among the indicators for reliable UAV assessment.…”

Section: Meteorological Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on risk map based on UAV safety operation indicators

Wang,

Ye,

et al. 2024

International Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering (STCE 2023)

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In the foreseeable future, the further civilian and mass utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) underscores the critical significance of researching UAV operational risks to ensure their safety. Currently, most UAV risk studies rely on traditional risk assessment methods, often evaluating operational risks based on singular or a few indicators. This study takes a comprehensive approach by considering various indicators related to UAV operational safety. It establishes a comprehensive indicator system that addresses aspects such as operational safety, reliability, and public acceptance. The study also provides both quantitative and qualitative risk assessment methods for these indicators. Additionally, the integration of a risk map offers a novel visualization technique for assessing UAV operational risks. This integrated approach aims to provide a secure foundation for the extensive future operation of UAVs in urban low-altitude airspace.

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Section: Meteorological Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on risk map based on UAV safety operation indicators

Wang,

Ye,

et al. 2024

International Conference on Smart Transportation and City Engineering (STCE 2023)

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“…However, this method employs simplification strategies like the consideration of a smaller domain and horizontal wind velocity component alone for the prediction, thereby making this wind data generation technique rely on the training sample assumption and accuracy. In [71], PALM is utilized in combination with historical weather data to resolve turbulent flow across an urban landscape by conducting several simulations, which are variegated by key parameters such as domain size, number of grid points, grid spacing, atmospheric stability, magnitude and direction of the geostrophic wind, surface heat flux, and simulation time. It was identified that the results are sensitive to the initial wind direction, and the approach is ineffectual for operational forecasts due to longer computation time.…”

Section: Cluster 1: Hybridmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Wind Flow Modelling in Urban Environments to Support the Development of Urban Air Mobility

Nithya,

Quaranta,

Muscarello

et al. 2024

Drones

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Urban air mobility (UAM) is a transformative mode of air transportation system technology that is targeted to carry passengers and goods in and around urban areas using electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) aircraft. UAM operations are intended to be conducted in low altitudes where microscale turbulent wind flow conditions are prevalent. This introduces flight testing, certification, and operational complexities. To tackle these issues, the UAM industry, aviation authorities, and research communities across the world have provided prescriptive ways, such as the implementation of dynamic weather corridors for safe operation, classification of atmospheric disturbance levels for certification, etc., within the proposed concepts of operation (ConOps), certification standards, and guidelines. However, a notable hindrance to the efficacy of these solutions lies in the scarcity of operational UAM and observational wind data in urban environments. One way to address this deficiency in data is via microscale wind modelling, which has been long established in the context of studying atmospheric dynamics, weather forecasting, turbine blade load estimation, etc. Thus, this paper aims to provide a critical literature review of a variety of wind flow estimation and forecasting techniques that can be and have been utilized by the UAM community. Furthermore, a compare-and-contrast study of the commonly used wind flow models employed within the wind engineering and atmospheric science domain is furnished along with an overview of the urban wind flow conditions.

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“…Other than the coupling scheme, configurations supported by the PreCICE package, in theory, works with the WOCSS, which includes all settings for data mapping schemes and information exchange monitoring. It is noted that the two-way nesting approach is currently under development based on the four dimensional data assimilation functionality of the original WRF model (Gopalakrishnan and Chandrasekar, 2022). Such an improvement on the adapter to the WRF model will be made publicly available in the version upgrade of WOCSS.…”

Section: Precice Coupling Librarymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3 in the work of Kadaverugu, et al (2021) can not be constructed at an acceptable computational cost. Additionally, the boundary and initial conditions of wind velocities employed by the micro-scale meteorological model often ignores their spatial variations (Giersch, et al, 2022). In other words, the independent use of the micro-scale meteorological model presents an uniform and constant background wind environment.…”

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confidence: 99%

Introduction of a Trans-scale Numerical Simulation Framework Focusing on Urban Boundary Layer: WOCSS V1.0

Leng

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Abstract. In the field of geoscience, the meso-scale tool to conduct weather forecast, which is also termed as Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) package, is commonly used for simulating the urban boundary layer in the scale of 1 km~100 km. In the field of wind engineering, the Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) simulation tool is most popular for investigating the urban wind environment at the scale of 1 m~1 km. In the present study, a novel framework, named WOCSS with the version v1.0, combing the meso-scale NWP package of the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model and the micro-scale OpenFOAM code is introduced thanks to an open-source package of PreCICE. In detail, PreCICE realizes the trans-scale simulation of the urban wind environment through one-way nesting of porting the meso-scale simulation results to the boundaries of the micro-scale simulation. To this end, the adaptions made to the open-sourced codes of WRF and OpenFOAM are articulated, which fulfil the information exchanges between WRF and OpenFOAM via PreCICE library. A case study concerning the urban wind environment in a residential quarter in Shenzhen, China is conducted using WOCSS V1.0. The case study demonstrates that the proposed framework successfully presents the detailed wind environment inside the residential quarter under realistic meteorological condition.

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Atmospheric flow simulation strategies to assess turbulent wind conditions for safe drone operations in urban environments

Cited by 17 publications

References 55 publications

Research on risk map based on UAV safety operation indicators

Research on risk map based on UAV safety operation indicators

Review of Wind Flow Modelling in Urban Environments to Support the Development of Urban Air Mobility

Introduction of a Trans-scale Numerical Simulation Framework Focusing on Urban Boundary Layer: WOCSS V1.0

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