Atmospheric emission inventory of the Maurienne valley for an atmospheric numerical model

Brulfert, Guillaume; Chollet, Jean-Pierre; Jouve, Bernard; Villard, Hervé

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2005.01.013

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Tourism is not as important as in Chamonix, but it results in about 4.2 million overnight stays per year on average, mostly during the winter season and in the upper part of the valley, where several ski resorts are located. Emissions inventories were conducted for each valleys for CO, VOC's, NO x , SO 2 , CH 4 , and TSP (Total Suspended Particles) (Brulfert et al, 2005b).…”

Section: Sites and Trafficmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of the water soluble organic carbon mass fraction of aerosol in two valleys of the French Alps

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Concentrations of Water Soluble Organic Carbon (WSOC) and WSOC fraction to Organic Carbon (OC) were measured at two urban sites in valleys of the French Alps during a period of two and a half years. Concentrations were as high as 10-15 µg C/m 3 in winter, but there is a clear seasonal cycle of the WSOC fraction, with minima occurring during winter. This reflects a marked dependency on temperature, with the average WSOC fraction being stable at 54.8±7.7% and 75.9±6.3% for temperatures in the ranges −10 to +3 • C and 12 to 24 • C, respectively. Several points are noteworthy in this evolution. First, there are limiting factors that prevent lower mass fractions in the low temperature range and higher mass fractions in the high temperature range. Second, the mass fraction at the lower temperature is rather high, in apparent contradiction with OC being mainly insoluble close to the emission sources. Third, the range of 20% for the change of the WSOC fraction between these extreme conditions is indeed rather narrow when compared to evaluations of the secondary (and supposedly water soluble) OC fraction proposed in the literature, with most of the published values being in the range 40 to 70%. A comparison of the evolution of WSOC concentrations with that of dicarboxylic acids (DCA) clearly indicates the influence of two regimes in the formation of WSOC: one at higher temperatures classically linked with the increase of DCA concentrations and associated with oxidation processes, and another at lower temperatures involving a much lower increase of DCA concentrations. We proposed several hypotheses involving processes that could be responsible for the large concentrations of WSOC in the particulate phase at our sites during winter time.

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Section: Sites and Trafficmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of the water soluble organic carbon mass fraction of aerosol in two valleys of the French Alps

et al. 2005

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“…The emissions are distributed at the hourly level by taking account of the season and the day of the week. Further details on this emission inventory are given (Brulfert et al, 2005).…”

Section: Emission Inventorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling photochemistry in alpine valleys

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Road traffic is a serious problem in the Chamonix Valley, France: traffic, noise and above all air pollution worry the inhabitants. The big fire in the Mont-Blanc tunnel made it possible, in the framework of the POVA project (POllution in Alpine Valleys), to undertake measurement campaigns with and without heavy-vehicle traffic through the Chamonix and Maurienne valleys, towards Italy (before and after the tunnel re-opening). Modelling is one of the aspects of POVA and should make it possible to explain the processes leading to episodes of atmospheric pollution, both in summer and in winter. Atmospheric prediction model ARPS 4.5.2 (Advanced Regional Prediction System), developed at the CAPS (Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms) of the University of Oklahoma, enables to resolve the dynamics above a complex terrain. This model is coupled to the TAPOM 1.5.2 atmospheric chemistry (Transport and Air POllution Model) code developed at the Air and Soil Pollution Laboratory of the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne. The numerical codes MM5 and CHIMERE are used to compute large scale boundary forcing. This paper focuses on modelling Chamonix valley using 300-m grid cells to calculate the dynamics and the reactive chemistry which makes possible to accurately represent the dynamics in the Chamonix valley (slope and valley winds) and to process chemistry at fine scale. The summer 2003 intensive campaign was used to validate the model and to study chemistry. NO y according to O 3 reduction demonstrates a VOC controlled regime, different from the NO x controlled regime expected and observed in the nearby city of Grenoble.

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“…Available meteorological and chemical measurements such as O 3 and NO x were used to evaluate the model results (Brulfert et al, 2005a). The methodology and the emission factors for the VOC inventory model are basically identical to those developed for the Maurienne valley inventory (Brulfert et al, 2005b). VOC concentrations from TAPOM are in good agreement with measurements using this 300-m horizontal resolution.…”

Section: Measurement and Modelling Toolsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Monoterpene source emissions from Chamonix in the Alpine Valleys

Rouvière

Brulfert²,

Baussand³

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

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Measurements of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and in particular biogenic VOCs were taken near Chamonix, in the alpine valleys within the framework of the POVA program (Alpine Valley Pollution). The general topics of the program were the comparative studies of air quality in the Chamonix and Maurienne valleys (France) and the modelling of atmospheric chemistry. The main objective is to characterize the pollution sources and study the relationship between atmospheric dynamics and pollution events. To do this, it was necessary to take into account all quantifiable and localizable sources. Measurements of VOCs showed an abnormally high quantity of monoterpene concentrations (around 10% in mass of the total VOC concentrations). Isoprene and monoterpenes produced mainly by vegetation are among the most abundant natural VOCs, but these measurements were carried out in winter and during this season biogenic emissions are weak. The aim of this present work is to determine and understand this phenomenon. Domestic heating, generally not taken into account in studies of outdoor air, had a considerable impact on terpene concentrations in the valley.

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Atmospheric emission inventory of the Maurienne valley for an atmospheric numerical model

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Seasonal variations of the water soluble organic carbon mass fraction of aerosol in two valleys of the French Alps

Seasonal variations of the water soluble organic carbon mass fraction of aerosol in two valleys of the French Alps

Modelling photochemistry in alpine valleys

Monoterpene source emissions from Chamonix in the Alpine Valleys

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