Atmospheric emission inventory of SO3 from coal-fired power plants in China in the period 2009–2014

Shen, Jiali; Zheng, Chenghang; Xu, Linjie; Zhang, Yang; Zhang, Yongxin; Liu, Shaojun; Gao, Xiang

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.10.008

Cited by 44 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This function is shown in Eq. (1). Note that the residual load of each PPG should be calculated by subtracting the total allocated generation from the original load.…”

Section: Problem Formulation a Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

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Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Shen

Wang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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There is a common lack of flexible power to quickly follow peak loads of many coal-dominated provincial power grids (PPGs) in China. A regional power grid (RPG) that covers several provinces is responsible for scheduling the power plants it manages and allocating their power to subordinate PPGs in response to different peak loads. This process is more difficult than conventional peak operations for a single PPG. A methodology for hydrothermal system generation scheduling considering multiple provincial peak-shaving demands is developed. This methodology utilizes a novel load subsection optimization model to smooth local frequent load fluctuations. The model divides the provincial load curve into several subsections to construct an expected residual load profile with the average load of each subsection in advance. Minimizing deviation between the expected and calculated load profiles is then formulated as the optimization objective. Three practical algorithms, named the multistep progressive optimality algorithm, the heuristic algorithm, and an improved load shedding method, are integrated to determine the power generation for hydropower plants, pumped-storage plants, and thermal plants, respectively. Moreover, a variable neighborhood search algorithm is proposed to coordinate the allocation of the power generation among PPGs. This methodology has been implemented for the operations of the East China Grid, which is the largest RPG in China. Comparisons with an existing optimization model and a conventional method are, respectively, given in two cases. The first case shows that the peak-shaving demands in subordinate PPGs are effectively met. The load fluctuations in local hours are smoothed, with an average reduction of 6.3% in allan variance of residual loads. The second case implies that the proposed method deals better with the load differences in multiple power grids. It should also be noted that the operating flexibility of different power plants has a significant effect on smoothing fluctuations in residual loads.INDEX TERMS Peak-shaving, generation scheduling, load subsection optimization model, multiple provincial power grids, neighborhood search algorithm.

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“…This function is shown in Eq. (1). Note that the residual load of each PPG should be calculated by subtracting the total allocated generation from the original load.…”

Section: Problem Formulation a Objectivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most provincial power grids (PPGs) in China are coaldominated energy systems [1], [2] having a common lack of flexible generation capacity to respond to soaring peak demands with very large load differences between the peaks and the off-peaks [3]. There exists tremendous…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Shen

Wang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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“…During the combustion of coal-fired power plants, the sulfur in coal is oxidized to form sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), a small amount of which is further oxidized to sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ). − Although the concentration of SO 3 is only approximately 30 ppm, it causes serious harm such as corrosion of the air preheater (APH) and increase of the acid dew point. − When discharged into the atmosphere, it can also cause acid rain and environmental problems . Currently, with the wide application of the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology and the increase in high-sulfur-coal-fired thermal power plants, SO 3 emissions have attracted increasing attention …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Removal of Low-Concentration SO₃ by Trona at Medium Temperatures

Tang

Zhang

Luo

2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Spraying trona in a selective catalytic reduction system is an effective way to control SO 3 emission. However, its application in the industry is often hindered by sintering at high temperatures, which reduces the reactivity and limits its wide application. Therefore, in this paper, we study the reaction characteristics of homemade sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) with SO 3 in flue gas on a fixed-bed reactor. The mechanism of SO 3 removal by trona was studied. It was found that with an increase in internal diffusion resistance, the rate control step of the reaction gradually changed from the joint control of external diffusion and chemical reaction to that of internal diffusion control. The increase in temperature accelerates the decreasing trend of the internal diffusion coefficient. This is mainly due to the sintering of Na 2 CO 3 caused by high temperatures. When the temperature increases from 260 to 380 °C, the conversion rate decreases by 30%. By improving the pore structure, the sintering of Na 2 CO 3 caused by high temperatures has been alleviated. The carbonation degree increases from 0 to 100%, and the conversion rate increases by 20%. Meanwhile, the competitive reaction caused by SO 2 is also explored, and it is found that the increase in SO 2 concentration only slightly reduces the absorption of SO 3 .

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“…The intensive implementation of ultra-low emission (ULE) at coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) in China has expedited comprehensive improvements in the air pollution control, especially the reduction of particulate matter (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) (Ni et al, 2018). However, sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) which have various negative impacts on human health and ecological environment, still need to be addressed (Wu et al, 2017c;Shen et al, 2019;. In conventional environmental facilities, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) devices for NO x removal convert 0.5-1.5% of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) into SO 3 (Ji et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2018;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Investigation of SO3 Control Routes in Ultra-low Emission Coal-fired Power Plants

Yang

Zheng

Liu

et al. 2019

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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With the implementation of ultra-low emission systems in coal-fired power plants in China, the emission of sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) has become an important issue in pollution control. However, systematic research and evaluation of SO 3 control routes based on the existing ultra-low emission systems are still lacking. We assigned 148 coal-fired power plants to four categories based on their ultra-low emission control routes and selected a representative power plant from each category for comprehensive field testing. The results indicated great variability in the synergistic SO 3 removal capability of different air pollution control devices and routes, resulting in removal efficiencies that ranged from 27% to 94%. Control Route 1, which lacked both a low-low temperature electrostatic precipitator (LLTESP) and a wet electrostatic precipitator (WESP), exhibited the lowest removal efficiency. The two routes equipped with either an LLTESP or a WESP (Control Routes 2 and 3) reduced the SO 3 concentration in the flue gas produced by medium-sulfur-coal combustion to below 10 mg m -3 , whereas Control Route 4, which utilized both an LLTESP and a WESP, reduced the SO 3 concentration to below 5 mg m -3 . Furthermore, sampling the emissions of the 148 power plants revealed that only 14% of the power plants complied with the 5 mg m -3 standard for SO 3 , although 44% and 64% of them complied with the 10 mg m -3 and the 20 mg m -3 standard, respectively. Our study evaluated the control routes within the context of the whole process, which can guide subsequent research and engineering practices.

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Atmospheric emission inventory of SO3 from coal-fired power plants in China in the period 2009–2014

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Experimental Study on the Removal of Low-Concentration SO₃ by Trona at Medium Temperatures

An Investigation of SO3 Control Routes in Ultra-low Emission Coal-fired Power Plants

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Atmospheric emission inventory of SO3 from coal-fired power plants in China in the period 2009–2014

Cited by 44 publications

References 35 publications

Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Generation Scheduling of a Hydrothermal System Considering Multiple Provincial Peak-Shaving Demands

Experimental Study on the Removal of Low-Concentration SO3 by Trona at Medium Temperatures

An Investigation of SO3 Control Routes in Ultra-low Emission Coal-fired Power Plants

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Product

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Experimental Study on the Removal of Low-Concentration SO₃ by Trona at Medium Temperatures