Atmospheric deposition in the Eastern Mediterranean. A driving force for ecosystem dynamics

Christodoulaki, Sylvia; Petihakis, G.; Kanakidou, Maria; Mihalopoulos, N.; Tsiaras, Kostas; Triantafyllou, G.

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2012.07.007

Cited by 45 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Apparently greater development of ciliates (including tintinnids) and dinoflagellates in SD took place (Tsagaraki et al, 2016, this SI). As shown before, addition of dust with high nitrogen content leads to faster phosphorus limitation of microbial growth (Christodoulaki et al, 2013;Ridame et al, 2014), and this was probably the case in A that received larger amount of nitrogen compared to SD. An indirect confirmation that at T4 bacteria in A were more P-limited compared to SD could be the higher frequency of lysogenic cells, along with the particularly low bacterial production and growth rate.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

Bacterial Growth and Mortality after Deposition of Saharan Dust and Mixed Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Experiment

et al. 2017

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The impact of viral lysis and grazing by flagellates on bacterioplankton production was assessed during a mesocosm experiment in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, in response to Saharan dust (SD) vs. mixed aerosols (A) addition. The results highlight a positive effect on bacterial abundance, production and growth rate (∼1.2, ∼2.4, and ∼1.9 -fold higher than the controls) in both SD and A, which was also confirmed by the increased portion of high DNA content bacteria (up to 48% of the bacterial community). Lytic viral production and the portion of bacterial production lost due to viral lysis were lower in SD and A after dust addition than in the controls (0.33 ± 0.17 × 10 6 virus-like particles mL −1 h −1 and 6 ± 4%, respectively). Potential ingestion rate of bacteria by flagellates increased upon dust enrichment, but did not differ between mesocosms. Larger predators possibly down regulated flagellate abundance, and the calculated portion of bacterial production lost due to flagellate grazing was probably an artifact. Higher frequency of lysogenic cells in A compared to SD and the controls four days after dust addition may reflect faster phosphorus limitation in A, due to receiving less dissolved inorganic phosphorus and more dissolved inorganic nitrogen than SD.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 52%

Bacterial Growth and Mortality after Deposition of Saharan Dust and Mixed Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Experiment

et al. 2017

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“…Duce et al (2008) estimated that the humaninduced increase in atmospheric N deposition to the oceans may account globally for up to approximately 3% of the annual new oceanic primary productivity. Higher contributions have been estimated for semienclosed marine ecosystems such as the Mediterranean Sea, for which atmospheric deposition of N may account for up to 35%-60% of new production (Christodoulaki et al 2013). Reactive nitrogen is also an important driver of atmospheric chemistry, since ozone production is controlled by nitrogen oxides availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Past, Present, and Future Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

Kanakidou

Myriokefalitakis

Daskalakis

et al. 2016

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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247

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Reactive nitrogen emissions into the atmosphere are increasing as a result of human activities, affecting nitrogen deposition to the surface and impacting the productivity of terrestrial and marine ecosystems. An atmospheric chemistry-transport model [Tracer Model 4 of the Environmental Chemical Processes Laboratory (TM4-ECPL)] is here used to calculate the global distribution of total nitrogen deposition, accounting for the first time for both its inorganic and organic fractions in gaseous and particulate phases and past and projected changes due to anthropogenic activities. The anthropogenic and biomass-burning Atmospheric Chemistry and Climate Model Intercomparison Project (ACCMIP) historical and RCP6.0 and RCP8.5 emissions scenarios are used. Accounting for organic nitrogen (ON) primary emissions, the present-day global nitrogen atmospheric source is about 60% anthropogenic, while total N deposition increases by about 20% relative to simulations without ON primary emissions. About 20%-25% of total deposited N is ON. About 10% of the emitted nitrogen oxides are deposited as ON instead of inorganic nitrogen (IN), as is considered in most global models. Almost a threefold increase over land (twofold over the ocean) has been calculated for soluble N deposition due to human activities from 1850 to present. The investigated projections indicate significant changes in the regional distribution of N deposition and chemical composition, with reduced compounds gaining importance relative to oxidized ones, but very small changes in the global total flux. Sensitivity simulations quantify uncertainties due to the investigated model parameterizations of IN partitioning onto aerosols and of N chemically fixed on organics to be within 10% for the total soluble N deposition and between 25% and 35% for the dissolved ON deposition. Larger uncertainties are associated with N emissions.

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“…Recent studies have highlighted the impact of atmospheric deposition on the productivity of such oligotrophic systems. It has been suggested that the frequent Saharan and Middle East dust deposition events taking place in the eastern basin (Engelstaedter et al, 2006) may serve as important external sources of bioavailable macro-and tracenutrients in the surface mixed layer, promoting osmotrophs growth (Marañón et al, 2010;Ternon et al, 2010;Christodoulaki et al, 2013;Giovagnetti et al, 2013;Gallisai et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton Response to Saharan Dust Depositions in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Study

et al. 2017

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Atmospheric deposition in the Eastern Mediterranean. A driving force for ecosystem dynamics

Cited by 45 publications

References 80 publications

Bacterial Growth and Mortality after Deposition of Saharan Dust and Mixed Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Experiment

Bacterial Growth and Mortality after Deposition of Saharan Dust and Mixed Aerosols in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Experiment

Past, Present, and Future Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition

Phytoplankton Response to Saharan Dust Depositions in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: A Mesocosm Study

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