Atmospheric deposition and soil acidification in five coniferous forest ecosystems: a comparison of the control plots of the EXMAN sites

Kreutzer, K.; Beier, Claus; Bredemeier, Michael; Blanck, Kai; Cummins, Thomas; Farrell, Edward P.; Lammersdorf, N.; Rasmussen, L.; Rothe, Andreas; Visser, P.H.B. de; Weis, Wendelin; Weiss, Tomáš; Xu, Y. Jun

doi:10.1016/s0378-1127(97)00130-8

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The Level II monitoring interconnects the Level I monitoring, which aims at the description and analysis of forest condition at an area representative scale (Innes 1994;Seidling et al 2002) with the classical intensive and specialised ecosystem research in the sense of Odum (1971) at very few selected sites (e.g. Ellenberg et al 1986;Kreutzer et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Seidling

2005

Eur J Forest Res

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Data are collected at plots of the intensive forest monitoring programme (Level II monitoring) in Germany by the federal states and stored in a nationwide database with the main task of contributing to a better understanding of the impacts of air pollutants and other environmental factors on forest ecosystems. Within this feasibility study these data were screened with the intention of outlining a conclusive concept for integrated evaluations. As a permanent challenge of complexly organised monitoring, the necessity of data control measures is underlined and a transparent documentation of univariate properties of key factors and basic relationships is advocated. Besides different statistical analyses, selected, aggregated, and derivative parameters have to undergo substantial check-ups of their information value with respect to risks associated with chemical or physical stress for trees and other biotic compartments of forest ecosystems. Examples of evaluations of different profundity are taken from the domains: crown condition, foliar element concentrations, increment of trees, ground floor vegetation, and chemical condition of the soil solution. Grounded on subjectspecific sectoral considerations, concise sets of relevant (key) factors or composite factors should in future approaches-together with results from amending process-oriented modelling-be passed on to construct integrated models against the background of current hypotheses about stress in forest ecosystems, even on the national scale, and on reasonable sub-scales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Seidling

2005

Eur J Forest Res

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“…Rainfall components that reach the soil influence soil solutions chemistry and soils themselves and affect numerous soil processes (HANSEN et al, 1994;AVILA et al, 1995;BREDEMEIER et al, 1995;HALLGREN LARSSON et al, 1995;ŁABĘTOWICZ, 1995;BEIER et al, 1998;KREUTZER et al, 1998;OSTROWSKA et al, 1998). As soil solutions are the main carrier of ions migrating downwards through the soil profile, surface and ground waters may be contaminated by airborne elements (LASKOWSKI et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionic deposition and chemistry of soil solutions in a forested study area in the Chojnów Forest District in the years 2004-2007

Kowalska¹,

Janek²

2009

Journal of Water and Land Development

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Abstract:The study was carried out in the years 2004-2007 in a permanent observation plot established in a pine tree stand growing in a mixed fresh coniferous forest habitat of the Chojnów Forest District. Analyses pertained to the deposition of mineral compounds delivered to soil with bulk precipitation in the open field and throughfall and to chemical compositions of soil solution at a depth of 25 cm and 50 cm. pH, electrical conductivity and concentrations of Ca, Mg, Cl, NO 3 , SO 4 , Na, K, Fe, Mn, NH 4 , PO 4 , Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb were analysed in precipitation and in soil solution samples.Total load of ions under the canopy of pine trees ranged between 47 and 61 kg·ha -1 ·year -1 . Acidifying ions (N + S + Cl) contributed in 51% to the total ionic load (in mol c ·ha -1 ·year -1 ) while base ions (Ca + Mg + Na + K) in only 36%. Respective percentage contribution in bulk precipitation was 69% and 19%. No relationship was found between the chemical composition of soil solutions (at both depths) and the chemical composition of precipitation waters. Analysed soil solutions were acidic (average pH at the depth of 25 cm and 50 cm was 4.3 and 4.4, respectively) and the molar ratio of the sum of base cations (Ca, Mg, and K) to Al in the majority of examined samples from the upper soil layer, was much lower than 1. This is the evidence of low buffering capacities of analysed soil in relation to acidifying loads and indicates a potential threat for the pine stand stability.

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“…Short-term experiments, <5 year minimum, cannot therefore be relied on to predict the potential impacts of enhanced acid and N deposition on tree growth, even when there are changes in foliar and soil chemistry [9]. It is also possible, when considering the combined effects of N and acidity, that the acid an d N effects cancel each other out.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of acidified S inputs on the fate and consequences of N deposition: results from a field manipulation of a Sitka spruce canopy in southern Scotland

Sheppard¹,

Crossley²,

Ingleby³

et al. 2008

International Journal of Environmental Studies

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This paper describes a field manipulation experiment where the effects of a simulated decline in acidified S inputs on the fate of N on Sitka spruce growing on an organo-mineral soil were investigated, along side those of the original treatments: ammonium nitrate, with and without sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate. Five years of treatment, at canopy height, with up to 100 kg N and S ha -1 y -1 were extended for a further 3 years, for half the plots, while the remaining plots were deprived of N, sulphuric acid or S. Stem area increment was unresponsive, whereas foliar N and Mg concentrations and fine roots were sensitive to the removal of N and acidity. This recovery experiment confirmed that the presence of acidified S modifies the fate of N and suggests the reduction in acidified S deposition will increase the bioavailability of N.

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Atmospheric deposition and soil acidification in five coniferous forest ecosystems: a comparison of the control plots of the EXMAN sites

Cited by 50 publications

References 25 publications

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Outline and examples for integrated evaluations of data from the intensive (Level II) monitoring of forest ecosystems in Germany

Ionic deposition and chemistry of soil solutions in a forested study area in the Chojnów Forest District in the years 2004-2007

Implications of acidified S inputs on the fate and consequences of N deposition: results from a field manipulation of a Sitka spruce canopy in southern Scotland

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