Atmospheric concentrations and phase partitioning of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Izmir, Turkey

Summer atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers in urban and rural areas of northern China

“…With an exception of BDE-209, the measured S 13 PBDEs were generally similar to those reported for many areas in other countries, like 21, 4.5e65, and 3e30 pg/m 3 in Birmingham, Kyoto, and Toronto, respectively (Harner et al, 2006;Harrad and Hunter, 2006;Hayakawa et al, 2004). For BDE-209, the concentrations in our study were similar to those reported for a number of places including Izmir, Turkey, Chicago, U.S. (Cetin and Odabasi, 2008;Hoh and Hites, 2005), but much higher than those measured in a rural site in the Great Lakes, two urban sites in South East Queensland, Australia, an industrial urban site in Lake Maggiore, Italy, and those found in the atmosphere at a research center in northern Italy (Su et al, 2009;Toms et al, 2009;Vives et al, 2007;Mariani et al, 2008). For all the PBDE congeners including BDE-209, the concentrations in northern China were significantly lower than those found in the Pearl River Delta area of southern China (Chen et al, 2006;Deng et al, 2007).…”

“…Qiu et al found that BDE-209 was the most abundant among 33 PBDE congeners analyzed in air samples from Taihu Lake, South China (Qiu et al, 2010). Relatively high percentage of BDE-209 were also found in atmospheric PBDEs in Kyoto, Japan, Izmir, Turkey, South East Queensland, Australia, a sanitary landfill in Ottawa, Canada and an island in the Baltic Sea region (Hayakawa et al, 2004;Cetin and Odabasi, 2008;Toms et al, 2009;St-Amanda et al, 2008;. Besides, the study conducted by Venier and Hites (2008) found that BDE-209 was the most abundant among all congeners in the atmosphere of Cleveland, U.S. BDE-209 was also the dominant congener detected in the outdoor air of an automotive shredding and metal recycling facility and the indoor air of an electronics recycling facility, California (Cahill et al, 2007).…”

Air and seawater pollution and air–sea gas exchange of persistent toxic substances in the Aegean Sea: spatial trends of PAHs, PCBs, OCPs and PBDEs

“…This is noteworthy, as the targeted PBDEs are significantly partitioning to the particulate phase (Chen et al 2006;Cetin and Odabasi 2008;Su et al 2009), similar to targeted PAHs, for which correlation coefficients are higher when based on ng (above). Observations suggest that PBDE phase partitioning is largely determined by adsorption (Cetin and Odabasi 2008;Su et al 2009). This suggests that different aerosol chemical composition (across sites) could hardly affect partitioning, in agreement with the finding here (Tables S6a and S7).…”

“…This suggests that different aerosol chemical composition (across sites) could hardly affect partitioning, in agreement with the finding here (Tables S6a and S7). However, predictability of PBDE partitioning is low, as most congeners are not expected to be in phase equilibrium as a consequence of high K oa values (Cetin and Odabasi 2008). Therefore, phase partitioning of individual congeners could vary across sites and in different air masses at the same site even for similar temperatures and similar particulate phase chemical properties, determined by aging.…”

Atmospheric polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and Pb isotopes at a remote site in Southwestern China: Implications for monsoon-associated transport

“…3B). Because chemical and physical processes are suggested to adjust the ratio in the atmosphere (Cetin and Odabasi, 2008;Wilford et al, 2004), the relatively low and uniform ratio from southern China possibly insinuates its strong sources, while the relatively high and dispersive ratio from other directions implies the influence of environmental processes, such as evaporation from surface, discriminating degradation and deposition of BDE-47 and -99.…”