Atlas of the Postnatal Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Khazipov, Roustem; Zaynutdinova, Dilyara; Ogievetsky, Elena; Valeeva, Guzel; Mitrukhina, Olga; Manent, Jean-Bernard; Represa, Alfonso

doi:10.3389/fnana.2015.00161

Cited by 180 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…[19][20][21][22] We have also had experience of the method and found it easy to use in previous studies. 27 The rats in this study clearly demonstrated significant spatial learning and memory deficits when the AD model was established.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Aβ-induced AD rat model was established according to previous reports. [19][20][21][22] Briefly, the rats were anesthetized with an intraperitoneal injection of 3.5% chloral hydrate (1 mL/100 mg BW), and the right hippocampus of each rat was injected with 10 μL of Aβ according to the following coordinates: anteroposterior -2.8 mm, mediolateral ±2.2 mm and dorsoventral -3.0 mm from bregma. The injection lasted for 10 min, and the needle, along with the syringe, was left on the injection site for another 5 min to ensure the completion of Aβ infusion.…”

Section: Aβ-induced Ad Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

Wang¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

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Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Curcumin may prevent Aβ fiber formation, slowing AD progression. A model of AD was established in 32 Sprague Dawley rats by injection of 10 μg Aβ 1-40 into the right hippocampus. Saline was used in sham control (n=16). Sixteen AD model rats received 300 mg/kg curcumin and another 16 received saline daily for 7 days. Spatial learning and memory were assessed using a Morris water maze. Hippocampus neuron apoptosis and hippocampal levels of JNK-3 and p-JNK-3 were assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. Aβ 1-40 injection induced slower spatial learning, memory deficit, neuronal apoptosis and increased JNK-3 expression and phosphorylation (all P<0.05). Curcumin relieved spatial learning and memory deficits, hippocampus neuronal apoptosis, and reduced JNK-3 and p-JNK-3 levels (all P<0.05). In conclusion, curcumin may inhibit JNK-3 phosphorylation to protect against hippocampal neuron apoptosis after Aβ injection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aβ-induced Ad Rat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

Wang¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

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“… ( a) Schematic representation of the two medullary regions analysed (−10.4 mm in the developing rat brain atlas (postnatal day 14; Khazipov et al., ). (b) Photomicrographs of Iba‐1‐immunopositive cells obtained in medullary sections from 15‐day‐old pups raised in control conditions (top panel) or subjected to neonatal maternal separation (NMS; 3 h day −1 , postnatal days 3–12).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of sex and neonatal stress on medullary microglia in rat pups

Baldy

Fournier

Boisjoly-Villeneuve

et al. 2018

Experimental Physiology

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Neonatal stress has wide-ranging consequences for the developing brain, including the medullary cardiorespiratory network. In rat pups, the reflexive cardiorespiratory inhibition triggered by the presence of liquids near the larynx is augmented by neonatal maternal separation (NMS), especially in males. Sex-specific enhancement of synaptic connectivity by NMS might explain this cardiorespiratory dysfunction. Microglia influence the formation, maturation, activity and elimination of developing synapses, but their role in the wiring of medullary networks is unknown. Owing to their sensitivity to sex hormones and stress hormones, microglial dysfunction could contribute to the abnormal cardiorespiratory phenotype observed in NMS pups. Here, we first used ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 (Iba-1) immunolabelling to compare the density and morphology of microglia in the medulla of male versus female rat pups (14-15 days old) that were either undisturbed or subjected to NMS (3 h day ; postnatal days 3-12). Neonatal maternal separation augmented the density of Iba-1 cells (caudal region of the NTS), increased the size of the soma and reduced the arborization area (especially in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus). Sex-based differences were not observed. Given that the actions of microglia are regulated by neuronal fractalkine (CX CL ), we then used western blot analysis to compare the expression of CX CL and its microglial receptor (CX CR ) in medullary homogenates from control and NMS pups. Although CX CR expression was 59% greater in males versus females, NMS had no effect on CX CL /CX CR signalling. Given that an amoeboid morphology reflects an immature phenotype in developing microglia, NMS could interfere with synaptic pruning via a different mechanism.

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“…Morphology of hypoglossal motoneurons for the rat pups at P3, P10, and P21 postnatal ages. Shown are the images of the corresponding atlas (Left) for P3, P10, & P21 (Khazipov et al ., ), as well as the low magnification (2×) micrographs of the sections (center), and high magnification (40×) images of the Golgi‐Cox stained hypoglossal motoneurons. The high magnification image for the P3 is a single stack while for the P10 & P21 the high magnification images are six stacks stitched together as described in the methods.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the Morphology of Hypoglossal Motor Neurons in the Brainstem of Developing Rats

Williams

Bellinger

Wilson

2018

The Anatomical Record

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The autonomic brainstem generates breathing rhythm by integrating inputs from chemosensors and mechanosensors in the viscera and coordinating descending outputs from higher structures in the central nervous system. Hypoglossal motoneurons (XII MNs) receive inputs from respiratory premotor neurons, important for maintaining airway patency. Previous studies in rodents report significant changes in breathing control during the first 3 weeks of life, with a sensitive period at 10 to 13 days postbirth (P10–P13) characterized by pronounced changes in neurotransmitters, excitation‐inhibition balance, and breathing physiology. However, age‐dependent morphological changes of XII MNs during the first 3 weeks postbirth and especially this sensitive period are under‐studied. Here, we comprehensively characterize and quantify the early morphological changes in rat XII MNs. We hypothesized that morphological changes in XII MNs correspond to the functionally defined sensitive period observed at postnatal day 10–13 (P10–P13). To test this hypothesis, we used an innovative contemporary statistical approach to analyze Golgi‐Cox stained XII MNs at nine postnatal ages between P1 and P21. Our findings reveal two subpopulations of XII MNs, which are dependent on age and morphological features. Soma size increased approximately 40% from P1 to P21, without changing shape. However, dendritic arborization increased in extent/distance and complexity. Dendritic branching of developing neurons significantly increased from P1 through P13, with the greatest increase at P10–P13 based on the Sholl method. Our detailed characterization of XII MN morphological development establishes a foundation for the study and elucidation of morphological changes caused by maternal and perinatal conditions. Anat Rec, 302:869–892, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Atlas of the Postnatal Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Cited by 180 publications

References 14 publications

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

The influence of sex and neonatal stress on medullary microglia in rat pups

Changes in the Morphology of Hypoglossal Motor Neurons in the Brainstem of Developing Rats

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Atlas of the Postnatal Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

Cited by 180 publications

References 14 publications

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with A&beta;-induced Alzheimer&#39;s disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with A&beta;-induced Alzheimer&#39;s disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

The influence of sex and neonatal stress on medullary microglia in rat pups

Changes in the Morphology of Hypoglossal Motor Neurons in the Brainstem of Developing Rats

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Product

Resources

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Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory

Curcumin reduces hippocampal neuron apoptosis and JNK-3 phosphorylation in rats with Aβ-induced Alzheimer's disease: protecting spatial learning and memory