Atlas of Pituitary Imaging

Pantalone, Kevin M.; Jones, Stephen E.; Weil, Robert J.; Hamrahian, Amir H.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802577-2.00001-3

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While there are no specific findings for pituitary infiltration by lymphoma on MRI, the most commonly reported characteristic is heterogeneous enhancement of the posterior lobe and the pituitary stalk following contrast administration, compared with the more homogeneous enhancement pattern observed in pituitary adenomas and primary pituitary lymphomas. 7 , 15 Additionally, the absence of the normal posterior pituitary signal on T1-weighted images may indicate involvement of the posterior lobe, aiding in the differentiation between metastases and adenomas. Tumor growth rate and destruction of the sella turcica are indicative of malignancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panhypopituitarism in a Patient with Burkitt Lymphoma: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

Dextre-Espinoza,

Ildefonso-Najarro,

Concepción-Zavaleta

et al. 2023

touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pituitary infiltration by systemic lymphoma is an exceedingly rare occurrence. Given its high mortality rate, it is crucial to recognize its clinical, biochemical and radiological features in order to provide timely intervention. We present the case of a 26-year-old male with a history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection who presented to the hospital with severe anemia, persistent fever, weight loss and diarrhea over the previous 4 months. Physical examination revealed a compromised general condition, fever, pallor, hepatomegaly and lymphadenopathy. Cervical lymph node biopsy confirmed Burkitt lymphoma (BL). During hospitalization, the patient developed polyuria, polydipsia, hypernatremia, fluid-resistant hypotension and hypoglycaemia. Corticosteroid therapy was initiated due to suspected adrenal insufficiency, resulting in clinical improvement but exacerbation of polyuria and hypernatremia. Plasma and urinary osmolarity confirmed arginine vasopressin deficiency, and assessment of anterior pituitary reserve revealed hypopituitarism, necessitating hormonal replacement therapy. Sellar magnetic resonance imaging with contrast revealed pituitary infiltration. The patient subsequently developed septic shock and died. BL accounts for approximately 10% of the cases of pituitary infiltration associated with lymphoma. Clinical presentation is heterogeneous, with panhypopituitarism often serving as the initial manifestation. Sellar magnetic resonance imaging plays a pivotal role in the differential diagnosis. Management typically entails chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation and hormonal replacement therapy. This case report describes a patient with BL and HIV infection who developed panhypopituitarism due to pituitary infiltration, an exceedingly rare presentation considered a medical emergency.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Panhypopituitarism in a Patient with Burkitt Lymphoma: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

Dextre-Espinoza,

Ildefonso-Najarro,

Concepción-Zavaleta

et al. 2023

touchREVIEWS in Endocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PG is situated in the fossa hypophysialis, a cavity bounded by the sella turcica (Menon et al 2011). The latter is a depression of the sphenoid bone, situated at the base of the skull and just inferior to the suprasellar cistern and the hypothalamus (Menon et al 2011;Pantalone et al 2015). The bony sella is covered by dura mater and surrounded by the mucous membrane of the air-filled sphenoid sinus inferiorly and the inner dural layer of the venous cavernous sinuses laterally (Castillo 2005;Ouyang et al 2011;Rhoton 2002).…”

Section: Gross Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The latter can reduce anisotropy, which introduces sampling bias and partial volume effects (Amaral et al 2016). Partial volume effects and inherent anatomical variability are easily confused with PG adenomas (Ouyang et al 2011;Pantalone et al 2015). The acquisition of T2-weighted images is also desirable, as in high-resolution T2-weighted images of the rat, the intermediate lobe can be identified as a hyperintense signal separating the isointense anterior and slightly hypointense posterior lobes (Naidich and Russell 1999;Theunissen et al 2010).…”

Section: Mri Acquisition Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imaging the pituitary in psychopathologies: a review of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pituitary gland (PG) is a key component of the essential endocrine systems in humans and animals, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal, and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axes. Structural changes in the PG are observed in a number of psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric disorders are typically characterized by subtle, time-dependent anatomical changes in the brain, and their study necessitates highly powered, longitudinal investigations. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive technology that is ideally suited to detect changes in anatomical structures over time. In this paper, we will review the main findings on pituitary function and structure in the context of healthy development and of psychiatric disorders, with particular emphasis on MRI studies. The latter have not always succeeded in providing a clear theoretical framework of mental disorders, which may be explained by low resolution and differences in preprocessing methods, imprecise segmentation rules that do not account for the anatomical and functional specificity of the anterior and posterior lobes of the PG, and inadequate categorization of clinical subjects. We review those limitations and propose solutions for future research.

show abstract

Atlas of Pituitary Imaging

Cited by 2 publications

References 19 publications

Panhypopituitarism in a Patient with Burkitt Lymphoma: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

Panhypopituitarism in a Patient with Burkitt Lymphoma: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

Imaging the pituitary in psychopathologies: a review of in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About