Atlantoaxial Instability

Cohen, William I.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.152.2.119

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, since that review, there has been no comprehensive attempt to clarify this matter (Cohen, 1998). In the recent literature discussing AAI, the authors who comment on this topic recommend screening with lateral cervical spine X-rays [Roche and Carty, 2001;Winell and Burke, 2003;Pathria, 2005;Pizzutillo and Herman, 2005].…”

Section: Current Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Current dilemmas in Down syndrome clinical care: Celiac disease, thyroid disorders, and atlanto‐axial instability

Cohen

2006

American J of Med Genetics Pt C

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This study will discuss our current understanding of celiac disease (CD), thyroid disorders, and atlanto-axial instability, three important areas of medical management in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). In this study, we highlight our current knowledge, as well as what we need to study in order to gather the necessary data to refine the empirically based screening protocols which are now in place.

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Section: Current Knowledgementioning

confidence: 99%

Current dilemmas in Down syndrome clinical care: Celiac disease, thyroid disorders, and atlanto‐axial instability

Cohen

2006

American J of Med Genetics Pt C

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“…Although the definition of a behavioral phenotype for cDS is interesting, emphasis here is on practical assessment for the purposes of health promotion. Experience with a large clinic for cDS emphasizes that preventive medical care is mostly routine except for controversy regarding screening for atlantoaxial instability [Cohen, 1998; Pueschel, 1998] or celiac disease [Zachor et al, 2000]. However, behavioral concerns remain frequent with opportunities for therapy that complement medical management in promoting school and social functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral assessment of children with Down syndrome using the Reiss psychopathology scale

Clark

Wilson

2003

American J of Med Genetics Pt A

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The behavior of 60 children with Down syndrome (cDS), aged 4 to 21 years, was assessed by parent and teacher report using the Reiss psychopathology rating scale for dual diagnosis (mental disability plus mental illness). Standard forms contained 12 categories of abnormal behavior (e.g., Psychosis), each with five descriptive items (e.g., bizarre ideas) that could be scored as no problem, problem, and major problem (0, 1, or 2 points). Total scores for individual cDS (mean of two raters) ranged from 3 to 43 out of a potential 120 points, with a mean of 14.8 points and a standard deviation of 9.5. There were no significant differences by sex, age, or ethnicity. The highest aggregate scores among the 60 cDS were in the psychometric categories of Attention-Deficit (156 points), Anger/Self Control (154.5), and Psychosis (109) and for component items such as communication problems (55 points) under the Psychosis category; distracted (48.5) or disobedient (42.5) under the Attention-Deficit category; and temper tantrums (36.5), impulsive (32), or impatient (31.5) under the Anger/Self-Control category. Agreement between parent and teacher raters was over 75% for 38 of the 60 items and above 60% for an additional 15. Selection of cDS with scores over 10 points yielded 24 families who chose parental guidance and 14 who chose professional referral. The structure of the Reiss instrument was useful for cDS, distinguishing behaviors potentially related to medical problems from true psychopathology.

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“…Approximately 13% of DS individuals (Cohen, 1998) have excess movement of the joint between C1 and C2. The presence of 5mm or more space between the posterior aspect of www.intechopen.com anterior arch of the atlas and the odontoid process is considered atlantoaxial instability and is at a higher risk of spine translocation.…”

Section: Atlantoaxial Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%