Atividade elétrica dos músculos cervicais e amplitude de movimento da coluna cervical em indivíduos com e sem DTM

Abstract

A DTM foi diagnosticada pelo critério de diagnóstico em pesquisa para DTM (Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders). A eletromiografia dos músculos esternocleidomastoídeo (ECOM) e trapézio superior foi realizada bilateralmente, na situação de repouso, com frequência de 2 KHz e filtro passa-faixa de 10-1000 Hz. As medidas de ADM de flexão, extensão, lateroflexão e rotação foram realizadas com um flexímetro e a comparação entre os grupos contou com o teste de Mann Whitney. O teste de Spearman foi aplicado para a correlação entre as variáveis, com nível de significância de 5%. Não foi verificada nenhuma diferença na ADM cervical entre os grupos. A atividade elétrica demonstrou-se significativamente maior nos músculos ECOM direito (p=0,0130), trapézio superior direito (p=0,0334) e esquerdo (p=0,0335) no grupo DTM em relação ao grupo controle. Não houve correlação significante entre atividade elétrica e ADM cervical. A dor nos músculos cervicais apresentou-se significativamente maior apenas no músculo ECOM direito (p=0,0055). Conclui-se que os grupos estudados registraram diferença na atividade elétrica dos músculos cervicais, sendo esta maior em indivíduos com DTM. DEScRitORES: transtornos da articulação temporomandibular; eletromiografia; amplitude de movimento articular.ABStRAct: The aim of the research was to evaluate the electrical activity and pain on palpation of the cervical muscles, the cervical range of motion (ROM) and the relationship between electrical activity and ROM in individuals with and without temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Fifty three volunteers took part in the study, being 24 with TMD and 29 without, both genders, from 18 to 32 years old. The TMD was diagnosed through Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorder (RDC/TMD). The electromyografhy of Sternocleidomastoideus (SCM) and upper trapezius muscles was carried out bilaterally during rest situation, with a frequency of 2 KHz and band-pass filter of 10-1000Hz. The measures of flexion, extension, lateral tilt and rotation ROM were acquired through a fleximeter and the comparison between groups was analyzed by Mann-Whitney test. The Spearman test verified the correlation between the variables, with 5% of significance level. There were no differences in the cervical ROM between the groups. The electrical activity was significantly higher in the right SCM (p=0,0130), left (p=0,0335) and right (p=0,0334) trapezius muscles in the TMD group. There were no significant correlations between electrical activity and cervical ROM. Pain in the neck muscles was significantly higher only in the right SCM (p=0,0055). It is concluded that the studied groups had difference in the electrical activity of the cervical muscles, which was larger in the individuals with TMD.

Pain threshold in the masticatory and cervical muscles in different types of temporomandibular disorders

“…As for the SCM and UT muscles are few studies which studied the PPT between subjects with and without TMD, although they had connections with the TMD for acting as the head stabilizers and have activity during the stomatognathic functions. (3,26,27) Different from this study, Milanesi et al (26) and Moreno et al (25) found a significant difference in the SCM muscle, but these studies have different methodologies of ours, the first one used palpation as a diagnostic method for PPT and in the second one the sample had headache in addition to TMD. However, for the UT muscle, Chen et al (28) and Moreno et al (25) found, as in this study, significant difference in PPT between people with and without TMD.…”

Biofotogrametric and electromyographic analysis in different position in women with temporomandibular disorder.

“…During the evaluation of the upper trapezius muscle in resting, authors observed a tendency of increase in their electrical activity in patients with TMJ dysfunction. (12) Regarding the craniocervical posture, the mean values of HHAc7 angle were 49.44° and 50.22° in right and left lateral view, respectively. Similar values were observed in asymptomatic individuals (16) indicating that the group evaluated in the current study presented head posture compatible with normal alignment mentioned for this segment.…”

“…(26) The association between head posture and TMD seems still obscure and controversial, and the methodological quality of the studies is the main factor for acceptance or rejection of this association. (27) Considering the extensive discussion produced on this issue, it seems clear that there is a neural and anatomical relation between the postural and stomatognathic system structures, (12,20) but postural biomechanics relation remains uncertain.…”

“…The participants were dressed in bathing suit and barefoot in a scenario consisting of a black background (3m x 1.5m), a plumb line attached to the ceiling was positioned in a perpendicular plane to the subject evaluated, and subsequent to image calibration was used two polystyrene balls attached to the plumb line and positioned 1 meter away from each other. (12) The camera (Nikon, Coolpix S2500DSC, with resolution of 12 megapixels, 4x zoom) was located three meters away from the subject and supported on a tripod at a height of 1.20 meters. The anatomical points were marked on the body of participants with polystyrene balls and double-sided tape and the analysis were performed by the Postural Assessment Software -PAS v.0.68.…”

Cervical-scapular muscles strength and severity of temporomandibular disorder in women with mechanical neck pain

“…Other factors that may be associated to the lowest recruitment and capacity of torque generation during cervical function (25) are the electromiographic hyperactivity at rest and the hyperalgesia of SCM and upper trapezius muscles commonly observed in individuals with myogenic TMD (17,(40)(41)(42). Thus, the inhibition of the muscle mechanism may be contributing to the poorer performance in the generation of cervical lexion strength in more severe case of TMD associated with neck pain.…”