Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians in the United States: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Volgman, Annabelle Santos; Palaniappan, Latha S.; Aggarwal, Neelum T.; Gupta, Milan; Khandelwal, Abha; Krishnan, Aruna V.; Lichtman, Judith H.; Mehta, Laxmi S.; Patel, Hena; Shah, Kevin; Shah, Svati H.; Watson, Karol E.; Women, Stroke in

doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000580

Cited by 350 publications

(282 citation statements)

References 284 publications

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“…For example, we need to determine appropriate goals for waist circumference, BMI, and blood glucose levels to help reduce the burden of cardiometabolic diseases in this population [17; see also online suppl. material for additional references].…”

Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic-Renal Disease in South Asians: Consensus Recommendations from the Cardio Renal Society of America

et al. 2019

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Background: Rates of cardiometabolic-renal disease are extremely high among South Asians (India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Bhutan, the Maldives, and Nepal) residing in their home countries and worldwide. The Cardio Renal Society of America, National Kidney Foundation of Arizona, and Twinepidemic Inc. convened a task force to examine evidence and reach consensus regarding cardiometabolic-renal disease prevention in South Asians. The task force distilled the findings from 5 years of face-to-face and virtual meetings addressing questions derived from expert reviews of published data using the Delphi technique to create these consensus statements. Summary: Several high-quality observational studies document the high and increasing incidence and prevalence of cardiometabolic-renal disease among South Asians, starting well before adulthood, owing to genetic, cultural, and environmental factors. Despite the need for additional prospective studies, especially randomized trials, of educational, screening, and other prevention efforts, sufficient information is already available to expand and intensify ongoing efforts in professional and lay education to help control this epidemic. The task force proposes to provide this expansion over the next 10 years through scientific and lay publications and other educational programs to promote more effective action among the public, health care professionals, payers, and regulators in screening for and treating cardiometabolic-renal risk factors and preventing disease in South Asians, starting at an early age. Key Messages: These consensus statements describe risk factors and prognoses characteristic of South Asians regarding cardiometabolic-renal diseases, to aid physician decision-making, health care system delivery, and research initiatives to improve the quality of care for South Asians worldwide.

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Section: Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiometabolic-Renal Disease in South Asians: Consensus Recommendations from the Cardio Renal Society of America

et al. 2019

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“…However, in developing countries, this emerging public health issue is often overlooked [17]. South Asians are comparatively at an elevated risk for developing cardio-metabolic and other chronic diseases [18], which makes them more susceptible to multimorbidity. The Nepal STEPS survey, 2013 reported that 99.6% of the Nepali adults had at least one (of the eight known risk factors for chronic diseases) [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and correlates of Multimorbidity among older adults in rural Nepal: a cross sectional study

Yadav¹,

Ghimire²,

Mistry³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Multimorbidity among older adults is an increasing challenge for health systems. Compared to a single disease condition, multimorbidity lowers the quality of life and experience higher hospital admission and health care expenditure. Although multimorbidity has gained global attention, it remains a less studied area in Nepal. Our study aimed to estimate the prevalence of major chronic diseases and multimorbidity among older adults in rural Nepal and examine the associated socioeconomic and behavioral risk factors.Methods We analyzed data of 794 Nepalese older adults recruited using a multi-stage cluster sampling approach in two rural setting of Sunsari and Morang District of Nepal. This was a cross-sectional study, conducted between January to April 2018. Socio-demographics and health conditions data [ Osteoarthritis, Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), Diabetes, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) ] were collected through the help of trained research assistants using a validated questionnaire. The correlates of multimorbidity were examined using mixed-effects logistic regression.Results 48.9% of the participants had at least one chronic condition, and 14% were multimorbid. The prevalence of individual conditions were osteoarthritis- 41.7%, CVD- 2.39%, diabetes- 5.29%, and COPD- 15.7%. In the adjusted model, older adults aged 70-79 years, those from underprivileged Madhesi and other ethnic groups, without a history of alcohol drinking, and those physically inactive, were significantly associated with multimorbidity.Conclusion Our study found a sizeable proportion of the older adults had multimorbidity in our studied population. This prevalence of multimorbidity and its socioeconomic and behavioural correlates, need to be addressed through multi-level preventive strategies, including clinical guidelines and the development of a multidisciplinary workforce to address the needs of the multimorbid older adults.

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“…1 South Asia including Pakistan has the highest prevalence of CAD, ranging from more than 50% to 300% than the rest of the world. 2 In Pakistan, nearly 30% females of age >45 years are…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Risk Factors and Angiographic Pattern of Coronary Artery Disease in Young Females

Saeed¹,

Qadir

Shahid

et al. 2020

JIMDC

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Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is associated with the highest mortality in women around the world. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical risk factors and angiographic pattern of coronary artery disease in young versus old age females having CAD.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Chaudhry Pervaiz Elahi (CPE) Institute of Cardiology Multan, Pakistan from April 2018 to December 2018. All females with diagnosis of angina and consistent ischemic changes on ECG were enrolled in the study. A total of 230 females were included with 123 patients aged <45 years and 107 patients aged >45 years. Comparison of patient characteristics, clinical risk factors and angiographic pattern in young and old age females was done by using SPSS version 21 statistical software.Results: Prevalence of hypertension (P=0.001), dyslipidemia (P=0.06) and diabetes mellitus (P=0.007) was significantly higher in females of older age group (>45 years). Similarly, a larger number of older age females (32; 29.9%) presented with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) as compared to young female patients (22; 17.88%) (P=0.03). Regarding angiographic patterns of CAD, there was no difference in the prevalence of single vessel disease (SVD), double vessel disease (DVD) and triple vessel disease (TVD) between the groups. Normal angiogram was found in 13 (12.3%) old age females versus 35 (28.8%) young females, respectively (P=0.002).Conclusions: The risk factors profile and clinical presentation of CAD is different in young female patients with CAD. There is an essential need to determine the coronary atherosclerosis factors in young females and these women should be treated more aggressively to prevent adverse cardio-vascular outcomes.Key words: Angiographic Pattern, Coronary Artery Disease, Clinical Pattern, Young Females

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Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in South Asians in the United States: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Treatments: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Cited by 350 publications

References 284 publications

Cardiometabolic-Renal Disease in South Asians: Consensus Recommendations from the Cardio Renal Society of America

Cardiometabolic-Renal Disease in South Asians: Consensus Recommendations from the Cardio Renal Society of America

Prevalence and correlates of Multimorbidity among older adults in rural Nepal: a cross sectional study

Clinical Risk Factors and Angiographic Pattern of Coronary Artery Disease in Young Females

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