Atherosclerosis severity in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: The role of T and B lymphocytes

Fonzar, Waléria T.; Fonseca, Francisco Antônio Helfenstein; Fonseca, Henrique Andrade Rodrigues da; Silva, Tuany P.; Rodrigues, Alfredo Augusto Eyer; Teixeira, Daniela; Ishimura, Mayari Eika; Coste, M; França, Carolina Nunes; Bianco, Henrique Tria; Gidlund, Magnus; Morais, Rafael Leite; Bittencourt, Clarissa A.; Fonzar, Carlos A.; Sant’Anna, Viviane Aparecida Rodrigues; Maugéri, Ieda Longo; Pesquero, João Bosco; Izar, Maria Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.athplu.2022.03.002

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Fonzar et al 37 report higher levels of the IgM anti-ApoB-D peptide in FH patients with coronary atherosclerosis, and higher IgG anti-OxLDL in those with coronary artery calcium. This suggests the presence of a protective innate response to ApoB and a harmful adaptive response to oxidized LDL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lipoprotein(a) is associated with DNA damage in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Woźniak,

Broncel,

Woźniak

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) is a common autosomal-dominant inherited disorder associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). HeFH subjects have a higher lipoprotein(a), i.e. Lp(a), concentration than the general population. Patients with FH are exposed to elevated levels of LDL from birth and ox-LDL may induce other oxidation pathways. The aim of the study was to determine the levels of markers of oxidative stress and DNA damage in patients with HeFH and describe the effect of Lp(a) on the resulting damage. Higher DNA damage was identified in patients with HeFH compared to the normolipidemic ones, and ASCVD was associated with greater damage. Oxidative stress markers were elevated in HeFH patients; however, only ox-LDL was higher in the ASCVD group and its level correlated with DNA damage. A positive correlation was found between DNA damage and Lp(a) concentration in the HeFH patients. Higher levels of Lp(a) were associated with greater DNA damage, especially in patients with HeFH and ASCVD. In HeFH patients, the optimal Lp(a) cut-off point associated with ASCVD is > 23.45 nmol/L, i.e. much lower than for the general population; however this cut-off point needs validation in a larger group of HeFH patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Lipoprotein(a) is associated with DNA damage in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Woźniak,

Broncel,

Woźniak

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…Beyond these molecules, the acute inflammation promoted by physical exercise can also elicit microparticle release, which is vesicles originating after stimulus as activation or apoptosis from different cell types (endothelial cells, platelets, monocytes, among others), thus presents distinct functions, not only in the exercise training context but also in the diseases as hypertension [ 26 ], hypercholesterolemia [ 27 ], systemic sclerosis [ 28 ] among others [ 29 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute strength exercise training impacts differently the HERV-W expression and inflammatory biomarkers in resistance exercise training individuals

Morais,

dos Santos,

Gomes

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Background Human Endogenous Retroviruses (HERVs) are fossil viruses that composes 8% of the human genome and plays several important roles in human physiology, including muscle repair/myogenesis. It is believed that inflammation may also regulate HERV expression, and therefore may contribute in the muscle repair, especially after training exercise. Hence, this study aimed to assess the level of HERVs expression and inflammation profile in practitioners’ resistance exercises after an acute strength training session. Methods Healthy volunteers were separated in regular practitioners of resistance exercise training group (REG, n = 27) and non-trained individuals (Control Group, n = 20). All individuals performed a strength exercise section. Blood samples were collected before the exercise (T0) and 45 minutes after the training session (T1). HERV-K (HML1-10) and W were relatively quantified, cytokine concentration and circulating microparticles were assessed. Results REG presented higher level of HERV-W expression (~2.5 fold change) than CG at T1 (p<0.01). No difference was observed in the levels of HERV-K expression between the groups as well as the time points. Higher serum TNF-α and IL-10 levels were verified post-training session in REG and CG (p<0.01), and in REG was found a positive correlation between the levels of TNF-α at T1 and IL-10 at T0 (p = 0.01). Finally, a lower endothelial microparticle percentage was observed in REG at T1 than in T0 (p = 0.04). Conclusion REG individuals exhibited a significant upregulation of HERV-W and modulation of inflammatory markers when compared to CG. This combined effect could potentially support the process of skeletal muscle repair in the exercised individuals.

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Peripheral artery disease: an underdiagnosed condition in familial hypercholesterolemia? A systematic review

Acitelli,

Guedon,

De Liguori

et al. 2024

Endocrine

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Purpose Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is one of the most common inherited diseases characterized by elevated LDL-cholesterol levels, leading to early-onset atherosclerosis. While the association between FH and coronary and carotid artery disease is well-established, its association with peripheral artery disease (PAD) is less robust. This systematic review aims at exploring existing evidence on PAD prevalence and incidence in FH individuals. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted on MEDLINE and Embase databases, for studies published between January 2013 and December 2023, evaluating prevalence and incidence of PAD in FH patients. Literature reviews, case reports, responses to editors and non-English language articles were excluded. Results The initial research provided 53 results. After article screening, 28 articles were fully reviewed and 24 were finally included in the analysis. Among these, 19 reported PAD prevalence, while 5 PAD incidence over a mean follow-up time of 8.7 years. PAD prevalence and incidence ranged from 0.3 to 60% and from 0.5 to 4.2% respectively, probably reflecting the heterogeneity in PAD definition criteria. Conclusion This systematic review sheds light on the limited number of studies on PAD in FH patients. Particularly, considering the potential positive effects of newly available lipid-lowering strategies on PAD outcomes, addressing this research gap is pivotal for a more comprehensive understanding of peripheral vascular manifestations in FH patients and for optimal management of this population.

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Atherosclerosis severity in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: The role of T and B lymphocytes

Cited by 4 publications

References 51 publications

Lipoprotein(a) is associated with DNA damage in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Lipoprotein(a) is associated with DNA damage in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

Acute strength exercise training impacts differently the HERV-W expression and inflammatory biomarkers in resistance exercise training individuals

Peripheral artery disease: an underdiagnosed condition in familial hypercholesterolemia? A systematic review

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