Atherosclerosis

Kobiyama, Kouji; Ley, Klaus

doi:10.1161/circresaha.118.313816

Cited by 356 publications

(248 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The role of the gut microbiota in atherosclerosis has begun to be studied in recent years. Multiple studies have identified a strong link between the gut microbiota and atherosclerosis (Law and Rudnicka, 2006;Catapano et al, 2016;Ju et al, 2018;Kobiyama and Ley, 2018). To explore the relationship between the anti-atherosclerosis effect of BBR and gut microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing was used to observe the changes of gut microbiota in each group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Ju et al, 2018). Statins are the first-line pharmacotherapy for dyslipidemias and effectively control lipid levels and reduce major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) (Catapano et al, 2016;Kobiyama and Ley, 2018). However, statins have been reported to be correlated with various adverse events related to myopathy, renal disease, hepatobiliary disorders, and other events (Law and Rudnicka, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

et al. 2020

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Atherosclerosis and its associated cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are serious threats to human health and have been reported to be associated with the gut microbiota. Recently, the role of berberine (BBR) in atherosclerosis and gut microbiota has begun to be appreciated. The purposes of this study were to observe the effects of high or low doses of BBR on atherosclerosis and gut microbiota modulation, and to explore their correlation in ApoE −/− mice fed a high-fat diet. A significant decrease in atherosclerotic lesions was observed after treatment with BBR, with the effect of the high dose being more obvious. Both BBR treatments significantly reduced total cholesterol, APOB100, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but levels of high/lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol and lipoprotein (a) were only reduced by high-dose BBR. Decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and increased anti-inflammatory IL-10 and adiponectin levels were observed in the high-dose BBR group, but no decrease in IL-6 or increase in IL-10 was evident using the low-dose of BBR. 16S rRNA sequencing showed that BBR significantly altered the community compositional structure of gut microbiota. Specifically, BBR enriched the abundance of Roseburia, Blautia, Allobaculum, Alistipes, and Turicibacter, and changed the abundance of Bilophila. These microbiota displayed good anti-inflammatory effects related to the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and were related to glucolipid metabolism. Alistipes and Roseburia were significantly enriched in high-dose BBR group while Blautia and Allobaculum were more enriched in low-dose, and Turicibacter was enriched in both BBR doses. Metagenomic analysis further showed an elevated potential for lipid and glycan metabolism and synthesis of SCFAs, as well as reduced potential of TMAO production after BBR treatment. The findings demonstrate that both high and low-dose BBR can improve serum lipid and systemic inflammation levels, and alleviate atherosclerosis induced by high-fat diet in ApoE −/− mice. The effects are more pronounced for the high dose. This anti-atherosclerotic effect of BBR may be partly attributed to changes in composition and functions of gut microbiota which may be associated with anti-inflammatory and metabolism of glucose and lipid. Notably, gut microbiota alterations showed different sensitivity to BBR dose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

et al. 2020

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“…During early inflammation and endothelial cell activation, VSMCs receive signal from dying cells or growth factors that modify VSMCs to myofibroblast (more proliferative counterpart). Altered VSMCs (myofibroblast) also secrete proteoglycans, collagen, and elastic fibers into the sub-endothelial matrix [43]. This transformation of VSMCs further worsens the histological structure and leads to formation of thin-cap fibroatheroma formation [44].…”

Section: Endothelial Dysfunction In Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases

Biswas¹,

Khan²

2020

Basic and Clinical Understanding of Microcirculation

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Endothelium is the inner most cell layer of blood vessels. Endothelial cells make special barrier that separate blood from extravascular tissues. Intact endothelium regulates vascular tone and permeability and maintains non-inflammatory, anti-thrombotic surface. Through its ability to express pro-coagulants, anticoagulants, vasoconstrictors, vasodilators, cell adhesion molecules, and cytokines, the endothelium has emerged as one of the pivotal regulators of vascular homeostasis. Under physiological conditions, endothelial cell sustains a vasodilatory, anticoagulant, and fibrinolytic state in which coagulation, platelet adhesion, as well as leukocyte activation and inflammation are suppressed. In contrast, during endothelial disturbances, a prothrombotic and pro-inflammatory state of vasoconstriction gets support from the endothelial surface. Release of platelet-activating factor (PAF) and endothelin-1 promotes vasoconstriction, whereas production of von Willebrand factor (vWF), tissue factor (TF), and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 shifts the haemostatic balance towards a procoagulant state. Several factors like infection, hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, malignancy, oxidative stress, and aging can interfere in endothelial function. It is believed that most of the cardiovascular diseases originate from endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial dysfunction has been shown to be involved in atherosclerosis, thrombosis, hypertension, diabetes, and other cardiovascular diseases. In this review we will specifically highlight the role of endothelial dysfunction in development of cardiovascular diseases.

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“…Stroke is the third leading cause of lost disability adjusted life years worldwide [1]. It is well-known that atherosclerosis is the main risk factor of cardiovascular and cerebral vascular disease [2]. Asymptomatic carotid artery stenoses are very common among residents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model to predict unstable carotid plaques in population with high risk of stroke

Yin

Liu

et al. 2020

BMC Cardiovasc Disord

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Background: Several models have been developed to predict asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS), however these models did not pay much attention to people with lower level of stenosis (<50% or carotid plaques, especially instable carotid plaques) who might benefit from early interventions. Here, we developed a new model to predict unstable carotid plaques through systematic screening in population with high risk of stroke. Methods: Community residents who participated the China National Stroke Screening and Prevention Project (CNSSPP) were screened for their stroke risks. A total of 2841 individuals with high risk of stroke were enrolled in this study, 266 (9.4%) of them were found unstable carotid plaques. A total of 19 risk factors were included in this study. Subjects were randomly distributed into Derivation Set group or Validation Set group. According to their carotid ultrasonography records, subjects in derivation set group were further categorized into unstable plaque group or stable plaque group. Results: 174 cases and 1720 cases from Derivation Set group were categorized into unstable plaque group and stable plaque group respectively. The independent risk factors for carotid unstable plaque were: male (

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Atherosclerosis

Cited by 356 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

Effect of Berberine on Atherosclerosis and Gut Microbiota Modulation and Their Correlation in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE−/− Mice

Endothelial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases

A model to predict unstable carotid plaques in population with high risk of stroke

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