Atherogenic Lipoprotein Particles in Atherosclerosis

Carmena, Rafael; Duriez, Patrick; Fruchart, Jean‐Charles

doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000131511.50734.44

Cited by 388 publications

(322 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…ApoB reflects the number of atherogenic particles, as LDL, VLDL and Lp(a) have only one ApoB per particle, and is closely correlated with the levels of small dense LDL particles [15]. Therefore, we hypothesised that ApoB may be a predictor of inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurement of plasma cholesterol (most of which is on LDL) or TG (most of which is on VLDL) may not reflect the association of atherogenic lipoproteins with inflammatory markers because their plasma concentration is a poor measure of atherogenic particle number and size as well as of lipid composition [26]. As an inverse relationship exists between particle size and ability to cross the arterial endothelial barrier into the intimae [15], small dense LDL particles are more atherogenic than large buoyant ones [15] and may also be more pro-inflammatory. Measurement of total or LDL cholesterol may therefore underestimate particle number, particularly in obese subjects in whom small dense particles are frequent [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly it was concluded that it is not possible to predict plasma CRP from knowledge of plasma lipids [1]. These studies have, however, rarely included in their evaluation apolipoprotein B (ApoB), a component of all atherogenic lipoprotein and a wellestablished lipid-related CHD risk factor [11,15]. Moreover, despite the fact that many traditional risk factors of type 2 diabetes and CHD have been well described, clinical data examining the relationship between traditional type 2 diabetes and CHD risk factors and inflammatory markers are scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apolipoprotein B: a predictor of inflammatory status in postmenopausal overweight and obese women

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Inflammation is implicated in the development of type 2 diabetes and CHD, but the trigger of inflammation is unclear. Although in vitro and animal studies support a role of elevated levels of atherosclerotic lipoproteins in the activation of inflammation, plasma cholesterol cannot predict inflammatory markers in humans. Moreover, the association between inflammatory markers and other traditional risk factors of diabetes and CHD is unclear. To increase our knowledge of in vivo regulation of inflammation, we examined the association between several traditional risk factors and inflammatory markers. We hypothesised that because apolipoprotein B (ApoB) reflects atherogenic particle number, it is the primary predictor of inflammatory status. Subjects, materials and methods: We examined the association between several traditional risk factors and plasma high-sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein (CRP), hsTNF-α, soluble TNF receptor 1, IL-6, orosomucoid, haptoglobin and α 1 -antitrypsin in 77 non-diabetic overweight and obese postmenopausal women. Results: The inflammatory markers correlated positively with total and abdominal adiposity, blood pressure, 2-h OGTT glucose, insulin resistance, triglyceride, total/HDL cholesterol, ApoB, ApoB:apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio and Framingham CHD risk points. They correlated negatively with ApoA1, and total, LDL and HDL cholesterol. ApoB was an independent predictor of the interindividual variation in IL-6, hsCRP, orosomucoid, haptoglobin and α 1 -antitrypsin (R 2 range 8-40%); other risk factors were less predictive. Compared with BMI-matched control subjects, women with hyperapobetalipoproteinaemia (hyperapoB) had higher hsTNF-α, IL-6, hsCRP and orosomucoid (increase 17-104%). Conclusions/interpretation: ApoB is the primary predictor of inflammatory markers in postmenopausal overweight and obese women. Given elevated levels of inflammatory markers in hyperapoB women, we hypothesise that hyperapoB women may have an increased risk of developing both CHD and diabetes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apolipoprotein B: a predictor of inflammatory status in postmenopausal overweight and obese women

et al. 2006

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“…Therefore triglycerides rich in lipoproteins are termed atherogenic. (23) The design of our study was cross sectional, so that our study cannot explain any cause-andeffect association between triglyceride concentration and AI. The clinical implication of our study results is that increased serum triglyceride concentration is a risk factor for atherogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Higher triglyceride serum level increases atherosclerotic index in subjects 50-70 years of age

Mawi

Chondro

Chudri

2016

UnivMed

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BACKGROUNDAtherosclerosis, the underlying cause of heart attack, stroke and peripheral disease, is a main cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia are independent factors in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. The atherosclerotic index (AI) is a strong indicator of cardiovascular heart disease. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between lipid serum level and AI in subjects 50-70 years of age.

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“…Lipoprotein(a) blood plasma concentrations are elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes (20,21). Such elevation results in an enhanced risk of atherosclerosis (22,23). This elevated risk is due to increased lipid influx into the arterial wall (24), perturbation of the arterial endothelium (25), and a considerable homology between apolipoprotein(a) in Lp(a) and plasminogen (26,27).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mechanism by Which Flaxseed Oil Consumption Increases Bleeding Time in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada is Independent of Lipoprotein(a) Concentration

et al. 2005

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Platelet hyper-aggregation is a serious manifestation of type 2 diabetes and a precipitating factor in the most frequent cause of death in patients with type 2 diabetesmyocardial infarction. Consumption of flaxseed oil as a dietary supplement containing alphalinolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 n-3) through its metabolism to eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and subsequent production of antiaggregatory eicosanoids may reduce such aggregation in vivo. Lipoprotein(a) (Lp (a)) may also influence platelet aggregation in vivo. Furthermore, serum Lp(a) concentrations are increased and bleeding time is decreased in patients with type 2 diabetes, presenting an enhanced risk of myocardial infarction. It was hypothesized that Lp(a) and bleeding time would be correlated due to the considerable molecular homology between apolipoprotein(a) and plasminogen, which should decrease bleeding time. Bleeding time is an excellent measure of in vivo platelet aggregability. The purpose of this study was to determine, if as the result of flaxseed oil consumption, Lp(a) influences the mechanism of any change in bleeding time. A secondary purpose was to determine if gender differences exist in the response of bleeding time to Lp(a) in flaxseed oil consumers. Subjects (n = 40) were randomized to treatment with flaxseed oil (n = 20) or a safflower oil placebo (n = 20). Each of groups contained equal numbers of males (n = 10) and females (n= 10). Some subjects dropped from the study due to reasons not related to treatment side effects. Subjects came for three visits, each three months apart. On each visit, age, gender, and BMI were recorded, bleeding time was performed, and serum Lp(a) concentrations were determined. At the completion of visit 2, subjects were randomized to 1 g of oil per 10 kg body weight each day for three months. Compared with pretreatment measurements, there was a statistically significant increase in bleeding time in the flaxseed oil group among both males and females posttreatment. In contrast, there was no change in the safflower group regardless of gender. Males had a statistically shorter bleeding time pretreatment while males and females showed no difference posttreatment with flaxseed oil consumption. Pretreatment values for Lp(a) and bleeding time showed a nonsignificant correlation among males and a statistically significant correlation among females. A statistically significant correlation also held when all males and females in the study were combined though at a lower value than in females. Significant correlations were lost and/or maintained upon administration of flaxseed oil and safflower oil, respectively. It is also concluded that serum Lp(a) concentrations remain unchanged following flaxseed oil consumption; thus, at least in part

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Atherogenic Lipoprotein Particles in Atherosclerosis

Cited by 388 publications

References 64 publications

Apolipoprotein B: a predictor of inflammatory status in postmenopausal overweight and obese women

Apolipoprotein B: a predictor of inflammatory status in postmenopausal overweight and obese women

Higher triglyceride serum level increases atherosclerotic index in subjects 50-70 years of age

The Mechanism by Which Flaxseed Oil Consumption Increases Bleeding Time in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada is Independent of Lipoprotein(a) Concentration

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