Over the past 30 years there has been a dramatic increase in the numbers of women entering higher education and the sciences. Social scientists and historians generally agree that this rapid and visible entry of women into the sciences was due to a convergence of several social, political, and economic events. [1][2][3][4] They include:• growth of the women's movement which raised women's consciousness, challenged cultural myths about their abilities, and encouraged them to pursue new roles and to enter the scientific professions;• enactment of federal legislation and executive orders prohibiting discrimination on the basis of sex in educational programs and employment;• mobilization of women's groups, which pressured educational institutions, regulatory agencies, and the courts to end discriminatory admissions and hiring practices;• growth of new jobs in pharmacy and other fields with better salaries, status, and hours than traditionally female occupations and professions;• increased availability of federal funding, such as federal capitation, which encouraged pharmacy colleges to recruit and admit more students; and• increased availability of faculty positions due to the establishment of new postsecondary institutions and programs. Given the increased numbers of women in higher education and the sciences, tracking their progress and identifying disparities or issues that need to be addressed is important. In this report, what is known about women in academe, with special emphasis on women in the pharmaceutical sciences, will be reviewed briefly. Critical issues that will be addressed include how women fare relative to men with regard to degree completion, faculty rank, tenure status, leadership positions and recognition, and salary differences. Several possible explanations for the observed gender disparities will be identified.The report is based on existing national databases, published reports, and scholarly studies that provide information about women's and men's status in academe. The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) and the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) regularly publish reports on the salaries and appointments of women and men faculty members in all United States postsecondary institutions and pharmacy colleges, respectively. 5-8 The AACP and other academic organizations also report the numbers of women and men who receive various degrees and serve Objectives. Over the past 30 years there has been a dramatic increase in the number of women entering higher education and the sciences. The purpose of this paper is to describe what is known about the status of women in pharmacy education. Methods. Information was obtained from existing national databases, published reports, and scholarly studies that examined how women fare relative to men with regard to degree completion, faculty rank and tenure status, leadership positions and research awards, salary differences, and barriers to advancement. Results. Despite the increased number of women faculty members and passag...