AtEXP2 Is Involved in Seed Germination and Abiotic Stress Response in Arabidopsis

An, Yan; Wu, Minjie; Yan, Limei; Hu, Rui; Ali, Imran; Gan, Yinbo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085208

Cited by 106 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Enzymes coded by these transcripts participate in cell wall extensibility modification, which subsequently allows cell elongation, a process often mentioned as being critical for radicle elongation in Arabidopsis seeds (Bewley, 1997;Nonogaki et al, 2007). For example, EXPA2 (At5g05290) was recently shown to be involved in GA-induced seed germination in Arabidopsis (Yan et al, 2014). The GO category lipid metabolism also appeared to be more important in the translatome of nondormant seeds at 24 h of imbibition ( Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Germination Potential of Dormant and Nondormant Arabidopsis Seeds Is Driven by Distinct Recruitment of Messenger RNAs to Polysomes

et al. 2015

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Dormancy is a complex evolutionary trait that temporally prevents seed germination, thus allowing seedling growth at a favorable season. High-throughput analyses of transcriptomes have led to significant progress in understanding the molecular regulation of this process, but the role of posttranscriptional mechanisms has received little attention. In this work, we have studied the dynamics of messenger RNA association with polysomes and compared the transcriptome with the translatome in dormant and nondormant seeds of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) during their imbibition at 25°C in darkness, a temperature preventing germination of dormant seeds only. DNA microarray analysis revealed that 4,670 and 7,028 transcripts were differentially abundant in dormant and nondormant seeds in the transcriptome and the translatome, respectively. We show that there is no correlation between transcriptome and translatome and that germination regulation is also largely translational, implying a selective and dynamic recruitment of messenger RNAs to polysomes in both dormant and nondormant seeds. The study of 59 untranslated region features revealed that GC content and the number of upstream open reading frames could play a role in selective translation occurring during germination. Gene Ontology clustering showed that the functions of polysome-associated transcripts differed between dormant and nondormant seeds and revealed actors in seed dormancy and germination. In conclusion, our results demonstrate the essential role of selective polysome loading in this biological process.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Germination Potential of Dormant and Nondormant Arabidopsis Seeds Is Driven by Distinct Recruitment of Messenger RNAs to Polysomes

et al. 2015

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“…Some cell walllocalized proteins are suggested to be involved in cell expansion/elongation in seed germination (e.g. EXPAs; Chen and Bradford, 2000;Chen et al, 2001;Yan et al, 2014), and several cell wall-localized GASA proteins from different plant species are involved in cell division and elongation (de la Fuente et al, 2006;Zhang et al, 2009), indicating that GASAs may play a role in cell wall extensibility modification. AtGASA6 is localized mainly in the cell wall (Supplemental Fig.…”

Section: Atgasa6 Regulates Cell Elongation At the Embryonic Axis Thromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…EXPAs are thought to induce cell wall extension by disrupting noncovalent load-bearing linkages between cellulose microfibrils and the crosslinking matrix glycans (Cosgrove, 2005). Different EXPAs perform diverse tissue-or organ-specific roles (Cosgrove, 2000b), including endosperm rupture, seed germination (Chen and Bradford, 2000;Chen et al, 2001;Yan et al, 2014), and leaf development (Pien et al, 2001;Goh et al, 2012). Tomato EXPA4 (LeEXP4) is expressed specifically in the micropylar endosperm cap region and associated with endosperm cap weakening (Chen and Bradford, 2000).…”

Section: Atgasa6 Regulates Cell Elongation At the Embryonic Axis Thromentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the RGL2-regulated seed germination transcriptome, several EXPA genes, including AtEXPA1, AtEXPA3, AtEXPA8, and AtEXPA9, are repressed by RGL2 (Stamm et al, 2012). AtEXPA2 is also involved in seed germination and abiotic stress responses, and its expression levels in germinating seeds are repressed by expression of DELLA genes, including RGL1, RGL2, RGA, and GAI (Yan et al, 2014). Whether the DELLA genes repress EXPA genes directly or indirectly to regulate seed germination is not known; however, our results indicate that AtGASA6 influences seed germination by mediating a signal between DELLA proteins and EXPAs.…”

Section: Atgasa6 Regulates Cell Elongation At the Embryonic Axis Thromentioning

confidence: 99%

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AtGASA6 Serves as an Integrator of Gibberellin-, Abscisic Acid- and Glucose-Signaling during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis

Zhong

et al. 2015

Plant Physiol.

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The DELLA protein REPRESSOR OF ga1-3-LIKE2 (RGL2) plays an important role in seed germination under different conditions through a number of transcription factors. However, the functions of the structural genes associated with RGL2-regulated germination are less defined. Here, we report the role of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cell wall-localized protein, Gibberellic Acid-Stimulated Arabidopsis6 (AtGASA6), in functionally linking RGL2 and a cell wall loosening expansin protein (Arabidopsis expansin A1 [AtEXPA1]), resulting in the control of embryonic axis elongation and seed germination. AtGASA6-overexpressing seeds showed precocious germination, whereas transfer DNA and RNA interference mutant seeds displayed delayed seed germination under abscisic acid, paclobutrazol, and glucose (Glc) stress conditions. The differences in germination rates resulted from corresponding variation in cell elongation in the hypocotyl-radicle transition region of the embryonic axis. AtGASA6 was down-regulated by RGL2, GLUCOSE INSENSITIVE2, and ABSCISIC ACID-INSENSITIVE5 genes, and loss of AtGASA6 expression in the gasa6 mutant reversed the insensitivity shown by the rgl2 mutant to paclobutrazol and the gin2 mutant to Glc-induced stress, suggesting that it is involved in regulating both the gibberellin and Glc signaling pathways. Furthermore, it was found that the promotion of seed germination and length of embryonic axis by AtGASA6 resulted from a promotion of cell elongation at the embryonic axis mediated by AtEXPA1. Taken together, the data indicate that AtGASA6 links RGL2 and AtEXPA1 functions and plays a role as an integrator of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and Glc signaling, resulting in the regulation of seed germination through a promotion of cell elongation.

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“…In potato (Solanum tuberosum), expression of nine EXPA genes is associated with cell expansion in developing tubers and rapidly growing etiolated stems [18]. In A. thaliana, AtEXPA2, which is exclusively expressed in germinating seeds [19], controls seed germination [20]. In Coffea arabica fruits, CaEXPA1 and CaEXP3 regulate grain size during growth and maturation [21,22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional identification of an EXPA gene (NcEXPA8) isolated from the tree Neolamarckia cadamba

Huang

et al. 2017

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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As a class of important cell growth regulators, expansins have been studied for over 20 years. Since Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser was praised as a 'miraculous tree' at the World Forestry Congress in 1972 due to its rapid growth. A lot of research has been carried out to uncover the underlying mechanisms of this rapid growth. Based on previous findings and our research, we hypothesized that expansins may play an important role in such growth. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that the N. cadamba expansin family member NcEXPA8 is highly expressed in all four young tissues, particularly in the cambium region, suggesting that NcEXPA8 acts as a key regulator of secondary growth in this gene family. Overexpression of NcEXPA8 in Arabidopsis thaliana increased the diameter and height of the main stem. It also promoted interfascicular fiber cell elongation and cell-wall thickness but did not alter the cellulose content in the cell wall. These results suggested that expansins act as activators during secondary fiber cell elongation during tip growth to promote plant growth.

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AtEXP2 Is Involved in Seed Germination and Abiotic Stress Response in Arabidopsis

Cited by 106 publications

References 71 publications

Germination Potential of Dormant and Nondormant Arabidopsis Seeds Is Driven by Distinct Recruitment of Messenger RNAs to Polysomes

Germination Potential of Dormant and Nondormant Arabidopsis Seeds Is Driven by Distinct Recruitment of Messenger RNAs to Polysomes

AtGASA6 Serves as an Integrator of Gibberellin-, Abscisic Acid- and Glucose-Signaling during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis

Functional identification of an EXPA gene (NcEXPA8) isolated from the tree Neolamarckia cadamba

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